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Biomechanics of the Shoulder: Stability and Kinematics of Shoulder Motion, Throwing Kinematics

  • Chapter
Sports Injuries to the Shoulder and Elbow

Abstract

The shoulder has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body. This unique characteristic is necessary for enabling the hand to be placed in the multitude of positions required for activities of daily living as well as sporting activities. The stability and function for the glenohumeral joint are provided by a complex and intricate coordinated interplay of the active and passive stabilizers, which in turn places great mechanical demands on the shoulder. In throwers, the mechanical demands are even greater, where a tremendous amount of forces act on the shoulder, as the throwing motion requires a rapid transmission of force from the lower extremity and core to the upper extremity. Therefore, in a thrower’s shoulder, maintaining stability and achieving precise kinematics throughout all phases of throwing require a complex interplay between the scapula, humerus, and all scapulohumeral and scapulothoracic muscles. These forces and velocities place the shoulder at great risk of injury, especially in the setting of improper mechanics.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Gregory J. Adamson MD

  2. Congress Medical Associates, Inc., 800S. Raymond Avenue, Pasadena, CA, 91105, USA

    Gregory J. Adamson MD & Timothy J. Jackson MD

  3. Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, 5901 East 7th Street (09/151), Long Beach, CA, 90822, USA

    Michelle H. McGarry MS & Thay Q. Lee PhD

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Thay Q. Lee PhD

  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Thay Q. Lee PhD

Authors
  1. Gregory J. Adamson MD
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  2. Timothy J. Jackson MD
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  3. Michelle H. McGarry MS
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  4. Thay Q. Lee PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thay Q. Lee PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. NEON Orthopaedic Clinic, Global Center for Shoulder, Elbow & Sports, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)

    Jin-Young PARK

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© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Adamson, G.J., Jackson, T.J., McGarry, M.H., Lee, T.Q. (2015). Biomechanics of the Shoulder: Stability and Kinematics of Shoulder Motion, Throwing Kinematics. In: PARK, JY. (eds) Sports Injuries to the Shoulder and Elbow. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41795-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41795-5_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-41795-5

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