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Development of the Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract

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Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases in the Newborn

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Abstract

Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the cause of 30–50 % of end-stage renal disease in young children [306]. CAKUT are represented by a heterogeneous group of renal, ureter, and bladder malformations across a wide range of clinical severity (Table 1.1). The incidence of renal and urinary tract anomalies in humans is 0.3–1.6 per 1,000 live born and stillborn infants [358]. Renal malformations account for 20–30 % of all solid-organ birth defects detected by antenatal sonography during pregnancy [272]. Thirty percent of cases occur in association with extrarenal malformations [358] and may be found as part of over 100 congenital syndromes (Table 1.2) [172].

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  1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1X8

    Joana Rosa Pereira dos Santos MD & Tino D. Piscione MD, PhD, FRCP©

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  1. Joana Rosa Pereira dos Santos MD
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  2. Tino D. Piscione MD, PhD, FRCP©
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  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Kentucky Children’s Hospital, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

    Aftab S. Chishti

  2. Urogenital Center, Division of Pediatric Urology, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Shumyle Alam

  3. Division of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky Children's Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

    Stefan G. Kiessling

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dos Santos, J.R.P., Piscione, T.D. (2014). Development of the Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract. In: Chishti, A., Alam, S., Kiessling, S. (eds) Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases in the Newborn. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39988-6_1

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