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The Family Succinivibrionaceae

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The Prokaryotes

Abstract

Succinivibrionaceae family encompasses two habitat-related groups of species. All species are Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacteria. They form a clearly separate line of descendent among Gammaproteobacteria members. The family is a phylogenetic neighbor of the family Aeromonadaceae being included in Aeromonadales order. The first group includes mainly ruminant inhabitant members from Succinivibrio, Succinimonas, and Ruminobacter genera. These species were usually found in ruminants. Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens and Succinimonas amylolytica are anaerobic and motile species found in animals with some grain in their diets. Ruminobacter amylophilus was initially classified as Bacteroides amylophilus, a starch-digesting bacterium from the bovine rumen. It can constitute up to 10 % of the bacterial populations of the rumen. On the other hand, the second group, the genera Succinatimonas and Anaerobiospirillum, is formed by species mostly isolated from mammalian feces. Succinatimonas hippie species was recently described and isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract. Anaerobiospirillum comprises two species: A. succiniciproducens and A. thomasii. In contrast to the rumen strains, these species were isolated from the throat and the colon of dogs (A. succiniproducens) and from diarrheal feces of humans and feces of cats and dogs (A. thomasii). Anaerobiospirillum-related bacteremia cases have clinical importance. Members of the family Succinivibrionaceae can ferment carbohydrates to succinate and acetate. Motile or not, they are chemo-organotrophic. Glucose and other carbohydrates are fermented with the production of succinate and acetate. Low amounts of formate and lactate may be produced. Nitrate is not reduced and catalase activity is negative. Fatty acid composition is well defined. The DNA G+C content varies between 39 mol% and 44 mol%. The type genus in Succinivibrio.

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Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments to CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico), FAPERJ (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), and CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) for funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Biology, The Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Eidy de Oliveira Santos

  2. Division of Metrology Applied to Life Science, The National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology – INMETRO, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Eidy de Oliveira Santos

  3. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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  1. Eidy de Oliveira Santos
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Correspondence to Eidy de Oliveira Santos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  3. Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen Lory

  5. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

  6. Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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Santos, E.d.O., Thompson, F. (2014). The Family Succinivibrionaceae . In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38922-1_368

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