Abstract
The dietary intake of essential nutrients and bioactive food compounds is a process that occurs on a daily basis for the entire life span. Therefore, your diet has a great potential to cause changes in the epigenome. Known histone modifications include acetylation, methylation, biotinylation, poly(ADP-ribosylation), ubiquitination, and sumoylation. Some of these modifications depend directly on dietary nutrients. For other modifications, bioactive dietary compounds may alter the activities of enzymes that establish or remove histone marks, thereby altering the epigenome. This chapter provides an overview of diet-dependent epigenomic marks in histones and their links with human health.
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Abbreviations
- Avy :
-
Viable yellow agouti
- CoA:
-
Coenzyme A
- DNMT1:
-
DNA methyltransferase 1
- FAD:
-
Flavin adenine dinucleotide
- H3K4me3:
-
K4-trimethylated histone H3
- H3K9ac:
-
K9-acetylated histone H3
- H3K9me2:
-
K9-dimethylated histone H3
- H3K9me3:
-
K9-trimethylated histone H3
- H4K5ac:
-
K5-acetylated histone H4
- H4K8ac:
-
K8-acetylated histone K12
- H4K12ac:
-
K12-acetylated histone H4
- H4K12bio:
-
K12-biotinylated histone
- H4H4K16ac:
-
K16-acetylated histone H4
- H4K20me3:
-
K20-trimethylated histone H4
- HAT:
-
Histone acetyl transferase
- HDAC:
-
Histone deacetylase
- HLCS:
-
Holocarboxylase synthetase
- HMT:
-
Histone methyl transferase
- JmjC:
-
Jumonji C
- K:
-
Lysine
- LSD1:
-
Lysine-specific demethylase 1
- SET:
-
Suppressor of variegation enhancer of zeste trithorax
- Sir2:
-
Silent information regulator 2
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Acknowledgments
A contribution of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, supported in part by funds provided through the Hatch Act. Additional support was provided by NIH grants DK063945, DK077816, DK082476 and ES015206, and USDA CSREES grant 2006-35200-17138.
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Zempleni, J., Liu, D., Xue, J. (2013). Nutrition, Histone Epigenetic Marks, and Disease. In: Jirtle, R., Tyson, F. (eds) Environmental Epigenomics in Health and Disease. Epigenetics and Human Health. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36827-1_9
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