Abstract
The dissimilar metal welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel to low-alloy structural steel is widely used in the power generation industry for economic and property reasons. The growth of brittle martensite and hot cracking susceptibility in the single-phase austenite microstructure are of main concerns related to the metallurgy of this kind of weld. This study presents an experiment investigating the influence of different welding wires and weaving technique on the quality, microstructure and microhardness of fillet weld joints between AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel and S355MC low-alloy structural steel. Using robotised synergic Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), three different filler wires were used to weld specimens with and without weaving (with a pulse frequency of 3 Hz). The macro-sections of the fillet welds were inspected and the dilution rates and ferrite numbers were measured for the weld samples. The microstructure was inspected and the microhardness values recorded as well. For two weld samples made by the use of weave beads, porosity was discerned. The measured ferrite numbers for all the weldments were very close to the estimation obtained by the Schaeffler diagram. The effect of the weaving technique on the dilution rate and the ferrite number was also apparent. The formation of a narrow martensitic band on the ferritic side of the weld metal was detected for most of the specimens. The recorded microhardness values also confirmed the detected presence of brittle martensite by the microstructural analysis. Nevertheless, from the microstructural and microhardness results, no obvious effect as a result of using the weaving technique and dilution rate was noticed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Arivazhagan, N., Narayanan, S., Singh, S., et al.: High temperature corrosion studies on fric-tion welded low alloy steel and stainless steel in air and molten salt environment at 650̊C. Mater. Des. 34, 459–468 (2012)
Avery, R.E.: Pay attention to dissimilar-metal welds: guidelines for welding dissimilar metals, pp. 1–6. NiDI, Toronto (1991)
Brooks, J.A., Lippold, J.C.: Selection of Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steels. In: ASM Handbook, vol. 6, pp. 456–470. ASM International (1993)
Committee of Stainless Steel Producers, Welding of stainless steels and other joining methods, pp. 4–6. AISI (1979)
Das, C., Bhaduri, A., Srinivasan, G., Shankar, V., et al.: Selection of filler wire for and effect of auto tempering on the mechanical properties of dissimilar metal joint between 403 and 304L(N) stainless steels. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 209(3), 1428–1435 (2009)
Davies, A.C.: The science and practice of welding the practice of welding, vol. 2, pp. 37–121. Cambridge University Press (1993)
DuPont, J.N., Kiser, S.D., Lippold, J.C.: Dissimilar welding. In: Welding Metallurgy and Weld-ability of Nickel-base Alloys, pp. 327–346. Wiley, New Jersey (2009)
Hasçalik, A., Ünal, E., Özdemir, N.: Fatigue behaviour of AISI 304 steel to AISI 4340. J. Mater. Sci. 41, 3233–3239 (2006)
Kearns, W.H. (ed.): Welding handbook, vol. 5, pp. 54–253. AWS, Miami (1984)
Klimpel, A., Lisiecki, A., Klimpe, A., et al.: Abrasive and erosive wear resistance of GMA metal cored wire cermetal deposits. JAMME 28(9), 565–572 (2007)
Lippold, J.C., Kotecki, D.J.: Dissimilar welding of stainless steel. In: Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, pp. 287–299. Wiley, New Jersey (2005)
Naffakh, H., Shamanian, M., Ashrafizadeh, F.: Influence of artificial aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar welds between 310 stainless steel and INCONEL 657. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 39(10), 2403–2415 (2008)
Schaeffler, A.L.: Welding dissimilar metals with stainless electrodes. Iron Age 162, 72 (1948)
Shushan, S.M., Charles, E.A., Congleton, J.: The environment assisted cracking of diffusion bonded stainless steel to carbon steel joints in an aqueous chloride solution. Corros. Sci. 38(5), 673–686 (1996)
Sun, Z., Ion, J.C.: Laser welding of dissimilar metal combinations. J. Mater. Sci. 30, 4205–4214 (1995)
Suutala, N., Moisio, T.: The use of chromium and nickel equivalents in considering solidification phenomena in austenitic stainless steels. The Metals Society (1983)
Yongjae, K., Sehun, R.: A study of heat input distribution on the surface during torch weaving in gas metal arc welding. JSME Int. J. Ser. A 48(3), 144–150 (2005)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tasalloti, H., Kah, P., Martikainen, J., Hiltunen, E. (2013). Effect of Welding Wire and Torch Weaving on GMAW of S355MC and AISI304L Dissimilar Welds. In: Jármai, K., Farkas, J. (eds) Design, Fabrication and Economy of Metal Structures. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36691-8_76
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36691-8_76
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-36690-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-36691-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)