Abstract
This chapter presents the results of experiments on understanding the alteration mechanism, rate of alteration and mineral paragenesis of the nuclear waste and natural glass under induced and near hydrothermal conditions. For long-term performance assessment of nuclear waste and natural (obsidian) glasses, solution chemistry of leachates and chemico-mineralogical attributes of the glass surfaces and neo-formed minerals produced by alteration were examined for their retention property. To assess the performances of these glasses in the geological repository, the results were extrapolated for 50 years. It has been found that depending upon the glass composition, solution conditions and the rate of progress of reaction the minerals namely, chalcedony and Ca-beidellite, analcime, smectite, kaolinite, gibbsite, and other mineral phases are formed. The experimental and extrapolated data allowed to draw a paragenetic diagram, that indicates the development of crystalline phases such as smectite, hydrotalcite, saponite, kaolinite over the glass surface after alteration. The agreement between the simulated and the experimental compositions of the glasses is found to be fair, especially for the elements which are soluble and also released congruently.
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Rani, N., Shrivastava, J.P., Bajpai, R.K. (2013). Induced Near-Hydrothermal Alteration Studies on Nuclear Waste Glass and Natural Analogue (Obsidian) for Performance Assessment in Geological Repository. In: Ramkumar, M. (eds) On a Sustainable Future of the Earth's Natural Resources. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32917-3_16
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