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Helitron Proliferation and Gene-Fragment Capture

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Plant Transposable Elements

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Genetics ((TCG,volume 24))

Abstract

Helitrons stand out as rare transposons discovered by bioinformatic, rather than genetic, studies. Although they comprise an ancient superfamily of transposons found in plants, animals, and fungi, it is in plants where they have been studied most extensively. Well-annotated plant genomes contain increasingly higher numbers of identified Helitrons, including putative autonomous elements and nonautonomous elements with and without gene fragments. The molecular structure of the autonomous Helitron and the postulated rolling circle mode of transposition remain hypothetical, and recent evidence suggests that Helitrons may transpose by both copy-and-paste and cut-and-paste mechanisms. Two Helitron properties, in particular, have caught the imagination of biologists: their ability to undergo sudden bursts of transposition and their ability to capture fragments from different genes to make chimeric transcripts. In this chapter, we provide an overview of what we have learned in the past decade about the biology of these intriguing, newly discovered plant genome residents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA

    Yubin Li & Hugo K. Dooner

  2. Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA

    Hugo K. Dooner

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  1. Yubin Li
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  2. Hugo K. Dooner
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Correspondence to Hugo K. Dooner .

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  1. , Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), INRA Versailles, UMR 1318, Versailles Cedex, 78026, France

    Marie-Angèle Grandbastien

  2. , Centre de Recerca en Agrigenomica (CRAG), CSIC-RTA-UAB, Barcelona, 08193, Spain

    Josep M. Casacuberta

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Li, Y., Dooner, H.K. (2012). Helitron Proliferation and Gene-Fragment Capture. In: Grandbastien, MA., Casacuberta, J. (eds) Plant Transposable Elements. Topics in Current Genetics, vol 24. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31842-9_11

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