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Polyploidy in Fish and the Teleost Genome Duplication

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Polyploidy and Genome Evolution

Abstract

Multiple rounds of whole-genome duplications (WGDs) punctuated the evolution of rayfin fish, a species-rich group comprising about half of all vertebrates. Rayfin fish, along with lobefin vertebrates including humans, derive from early vertebrate ancestors that evolved through two rounds of polyploidization (the first and second rounds of vertebrate genome duplication, VGD1 and VGD2) at the dawn of the vertebrate lineage. Furthermore, teleost fish underwent an additional round of polyploidization in their stem lineage, the teleost genome duplication (TGD). Additional WGD events occurred independently in numerous species and higher level taxa of teleosts and other rayfin fish, for example in salmonids, carp, and sturgeon, so that some fish lineages experienced at least four rounds of WGD since the origin of vertebrates. This chapter provides an overview of these polyploidization events in the fish lineage and focuses on the impact these genome duplications (GD) had on genome evolution in selected fish taxa. We then review evidence for the TGD and discuss its consequences for the evolution of gene content, order, and functions in the teleost lineage. We argue that, although evidence remains sparse, the TGD may have had a profound influence on the evolutionary success and the biodiversity of teleosts. Importantly, an in-depth understanding of the causes and consequences of the TGD and other teleost GD events will help to inform us about the evolution of our own paleopolyploid genome.

The problems of this world are only truly solved in two ways: by extinction or duplication.

Susan Sontag

In their great numbers and degree of anatomical diversity, the modern ray-finned fishes may be considered the most successful of all vertebrates.

Robert L. Carroll

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Cristian Canestro for extensive discussions as well as Irene Pala for discussions of gene expression in the calandino. This work was supported by a grant from the Volkswagen Foundation Germany (IB) and National Institutes of Health grant R01 RR020833 (JHP).

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  1. Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA

    Ingo Braasch & John H. Postlethwait

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  1. Ingo Braasch
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  2. John H. Postlethwait
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Correspondence to John H. Postlethwait .

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  1. , Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Museum Road, Gainesville, 32611, Florida, USA

    Pamela S. Soltis

  2. , Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Museum Road, Gainesville, 32611, Florida, USA

    Douglas E. Soltis

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Braasch, I., Postlethwait, J.H. (2012). Polyploidy in Fish and the Teleost Genome Duplication. In: Soltis, P., Soltis, D. (eds) Polyploidy and Genome Evolution. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31442-1_17

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