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The Family Bartonellaceae

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The Prokaryotes

Abstract

Bartonellaceae is a family within the order Rhizobiales in the sub-class of Alphaproteobacteria which contains only the genus Bartonella. They are fastidious, facultative intracellular, slow-growing, gram-negative, slightly curved bacilli that cause a wide range of diseases in humans and animals, some species being zoonotic. Clinical manifestations in humans include Carrión’s disease, trench fever, cat scratch disease, bacteremia with fever, bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis, endocarditis, and neuroretinitis. Colony morphology varies from clear to smooth white and rough tan. Several species embed in the agar. They are typically inert biochemically; the organisms are usually catalase and oxidase negative and aerobic, and they do not produce acid from carbohydrates. Some species are motile. The genus Bartonella, to date, contains 29 species and 3 subspecies. Most Bartonella species have successfully adapted to survival in specific domestic or wild mammals. Blood-sucking arthropod vectors are often involved. Clinical presentation generally depends on both the infecting Bartonella species and the immune status of the infected individual. Bartonella species are susceptible to many antibiotics in vitro; however, in vivo antibiotic susceptibilities do not correlate well for a number of antibiotics.

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Acknowledgments

The support of CNPq, FAPERJ and Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro is greatly acknowledged. The authors wish to thank Dr. Rosangela Zacarias Machado (UNESP/FCAV/Brazil) for stimulating first studies on Bartonella spp., as well as the M.Sc. and Ph.D. students Aline Tonussi da Silva, Andresa Guimarães, and Juliana Macedo Raimundo for review of the text and Dr. Vera Lucia Divan Baldani (EMBRAPA/Agrobiologia) for suggestions in the topics phenotypic analyses and isolation procedures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departmento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Br 465 Km 07, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    Cristiane Divan Baldani

  2. Departmento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pºblica, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Br 465 Km 07, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    Huarrisson Azevedo Santos

  3. Departmento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Br 465 Km 07, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    Carlos Luiz Massard

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  1. Cristiane Divan Baldani
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  2. Huarrisson Azevedo Santos
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  3. Carlos Luiz Massard
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Correspondence to Cristiane Divan Baldani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  3. Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen Lory

  5. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

  6. Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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Baldani, C.D., Santos, H.A., Massard, C.L. (2014). The Family Bartonellaceae. In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_251

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