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NMRI Methods in Psychoneuropharmacology

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Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred technique for the visualization of lesions in the brain and spinal cord of patients with MS. It visualizes the resonance signals of tissue protons when they are placed in a time-varying strong magnetic field. The most frequently used parameters measured in MS are the spin–lattice relaxation time (T1) and the spin–spin relaxation time (T2). MRI is routinely used as a tomographic imaging technique, where anatomical pictures are created of 1-mm-thick tissue sections. The contrast differences between brain structures in most MRI techniques are determined by the different densities and diffusion of protons, as well as differences in relaxation times. T2 images are sensitive to water and, because all pathological alterations in MS brains are associated with altered distribution of tissue water (edema), this technique is highly useful for visualization of the spatial distribution of lesions. Contrast in T1 images is determined mainly by different lattice densities. Dense structures, such as compact white matter, have low T1 values, whereas relatively loose structures, such as gray matter or lesions, have higher T1 values.

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  1. CEO, Kallman Preclinical Consulting, 1569 E. 300 North, Greenfield, IN, 46140, USA

    Mary-Jeanne Kallman

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  1. Mary-Jeanne Kallman
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Correspondence to Mary-Jeanne Kallman .

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  1. Dieburg, Germany

    Franz J. Hock

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Kallman, MJ. (2015). NMRI Methods in Psychoneuropharmacology. In: Hock, F. (eds) Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_35-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_35-2

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27728-3

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Chapter history

  1. Latest

    NMRI Methods in Psychoneuropharmacology
    Published:
    07 March 2016

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_35-2

  2. Original

    NMRI Methods in Psychoneuropharmacology
    Published:
    04 July 2015

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_35-1

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