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Broadening of Hydrogenic Spectral Lines in Magnetized Plasmas: Diagnostic Applications

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Atomic Processes in Basic and Applied Physics

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics ((SSAOPP,volume 68))

Abstract

In diagnostics based on the broadening of spectral lines in plasmas, magnetic fields are important only if their strength is relatively high—to compete with the Stark and Doppler broadenings. We review the corresponding theories and their diagnostic applications.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In principle, there might exist also another adiabatic effect of the stochastic electric field of Langmuir turbulence if \({\gamma }_{\mathrm{p}} \ll{\omega }_{\mathrm{p}}\): the formation of satellites separated by \(\pm \kappa {\omega }_{\mathrm{p}}\)(in the frequency scale) from each component of the Zeeman triplet (k = 1, 2, 3, …). For the case, where Langmuir turbulence develops anisotropically in such a way, that its electric field is linearly polarized, the satellite intensities were calculated analytically in paper [82] (see also book [46]). However, the satellite intensities are relatively small. Even for the most intense satellite (k = 1), the ratio of its intensity I s to the intensity of the corresponding component of the Zeeman triplet I 0is

    $${I}_{\mathrm{s}}/{I}_{0} \sim \left ({n}^{2}{T}_{\mathrm{e}}/{U}_{\mathrm{ Hi}}\right )\left [{E}_{0}^{2}/(8\pi {N}_{\mathrm{e}}{T}_{\mathrm{e}})\right ].$$

    Here, U Hi = 13. 6 eV is the ionization potential hydrogen/deuterium atoms, Te is the electron temperature; the quantity \({E}_{0}^{2}/(8\pi {N}_{\mathrm{e}}{T}_{\mathrm{e}}\)), which is called the degree of turbulence, is the ratio of the energy density of the Langmuir turbulence to the thermal energy density of the plasma. The latter ratio is always much smaller than unity: usually it is in the range 10 − 2–10 − 4. Given that for spectroscopic experiments related to tokamak divertors, where the most intense hydrogenic lines are used (\({L}_{\alpha },{L}_{\beta },{H}_{\alpha },{H}_{\beta }\)) one has \({n}^{2}{T}_{\mathrm{e}}/{U}_{\mathrm{Hi}} \sim1\), it is seen that indeed \({I}_{\mathrm{s}}/{I}_{0} \sim(1{0}^{-2} - 1{0}^{-4}) \ll1\). Thus, these satellites do not seem to be useful for diagnostics of magnetic fusion plasmas unless highly excited hydrogenic lines (\(n \gg1\)) are employed.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Chris Klepper for sharing one recent experimental result at the Tore Supra.

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  1. Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Lab, Auburn, AL, USA

    E. Oks

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  1. , Optical Department, P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute, Leninskii prospect 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    Viacheslav Shevelko

  2. , Plasma Physics, National Institute for Fusion Science, Oroshi 332-6, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan

    Hiro Tawara

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Oks, E. (2012). Broadening of Hydrogenic Spectral Lines in Magnetized Plasmas: Diagnostic Applications. In: Shevelko, V., Tawara, H. (eds) Atomic Processes in Basic and Applied Physics. Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics, vol 68. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25569-4_15

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