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Composite Long Rod Insulators

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Silicone Composite Insulators

Part of the book series: Power Systems ((POWSYS))

Abstract

Composite long rod insulators are primarily used in suspension strings in straight-line supports and as tension strings in anchor towers and dead-end towers. They are also used in the jumpers or portals of outdoor substations. In some cases, composite long rods are used in the guys of wooden poles, and more rarely in the guys of steel towers.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three-dimensional

CIGRE:

Conseil International des Grands Réseaux Électriques (International Council on Large Electric Systems)

DLL:

Damage limit load

FE mesh:

Finite element mesh

FEM:

Finite element method

FE model:

Finite element model

FRP:

Fibre reinforced plastic

IEC:

International Electrotechnical Commission

IEEE:

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IREQ:

Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (Québec-Hydro’s Research Institute)

LVDT:

Linear variable differential transformer

RML:

Routine mechanical load

SML:

Specified mechanical load

UHV:

Ultra-high voltage

δ :

Half length of the linear region for the shear stress

ΔR :

Radius reduction of the FRP rod during crimping

ϑ :

Coordinate in circumferential direction of the FRP rod

k :

Danger factor

µ :

Coefficient of friction between metal and FRP

v LT :

Poisson number “axial-transverse” to the FRP rod

v TT :

Poisson number “transverse–transverse” to the FRP rod

σ ϑϑ :

Circumferential stress in the FRP rod

σ M :

Standard deviation

\( \sigma _{{shear}}^{{{\text{max}}}} \) :

Shear strength of the FRP rod

σ rr :

Radial stress in the FRP rod

σ z :

Tensile stress in the cross-section of the end fitting

σ zul :

Tensile strength of the end fitting

σ zz :

Axial stress in the FRP rod

τ :

Critical shear stress in the end fitting

τ f :

Shear stress in the FRP rod

τ max :

Shear strength in the FRP rod

τrz (z, R):

Shear stress at the surface (r = R) of the FRP rod

τ zul :

Max. permissible shear stress of the end fitting

b :

Wall thickness of the end fitting

d :

Diameter of the FRP rod

dz :

Length of the differential beam element

D o :

Outer diameter of the end fitting

Di :

Inner diameter of the end fitting

D k :

Ball size (ball diameter)

DS :

Stiffness of the fibre

e :

Location of critical shear of the end fitting

E :

Modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) of the fibre

E L :

Modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) in axial direction of the FRP rod

E T :

Modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) in transverse direction of the FRP rod

F :

Cross-section of fibre

F max :

Failing load in tension of the insulator

F N :

Pressure load between metal and FRP

F z :

Tensile load in the FRP rod

G TT :

Shear modulus “transverse–transverse” of the FRP rod

G LT :

Shear modulus “axial-transverse” of the FRP rod

L, L cr , L p :

Crimp length of the end fitting

M 96 :

Average 96 h failing load

M av :

Average failing load of the assembled core

p :

Contact pressure on the FRP rod

r :

Radial coordinate for the FRP rod

R :

Radius of the FRP rod before crimping

S :

Contact (interface) surface between FRP rod and end fitting

x, y, z :

Geometry parameters of the end fitting

x cr :

Critical crimp length

x max :

Limit crimp length

z :

Axial coordinate of the FRP rod

References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. PFISTERER Holding AG, Hellbühlstraße 37, 6102, Malters, Switzerland

    Konstantin Papailiou

  2. Rüchligrain 5, 6274, Eschenbach, Switzerland

    Frank Schmuck

Authors
  1. Konstantin Papailiou
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  2. Frank Schmuck
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Konstantin Papailiou .

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Papailiou, K., Schmuck, F. (2013). Composite Long Rod Insulators. In: Silicone Composite Insulators. Power Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15320-4_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15320-4_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-15319-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-15320-4

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

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