Abstract
Hip fractures are life-changing events that can potentially have devastating effects particularly in the geriatric population. The incidence of death and major disability is substantially increased after a hip fracture in this vulnerable population. Collaborative care with the orthopaedic surgical team and geriatricians called the ortho-geriatric model of care has been widely implemented in an effort to improve outcomes. This has led to evidence-based recommendations amounting to expected standard care for patients with hip fractures. This encompasses understanding the nature of hip fractures and its risk factors, expedited preoperative assessment and time to surgery, perioperative management and strategies to early mobilization. All these efforts are focused on the ultimate goal of bringing back patients to their baseline functional level and minimizing associated disability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ANZSGM. Orthogeriatric care revised 2010. http://www.anzsgm.org//documents/PositionStatementNo5-OrthogeriaticCareRevision2010.pdf. Accessed June 2017.
BMJ. 1999;318:946.
Devas M. Geriatric orthopaedics. BMJ. 2004;1:190–2.
Briggs R. Orthogeriatric care and its effects on outcome. J R Soc Med. 1993;86(10):560–2.
British Orthopaedic Association. The care of fragility fracture patients. London: BOA; 2007.
Sabharwal S, Wilson H. Orthogeriatrics in the management of frail older patients with a fragility fracture. Osteoporos Int. 2015;26:2387–99.
Australian and New Zealand Hip fracture registry. Australian and New Zealand facility level audit of hospitals performing surgery for hip fracture. http://anzhfr.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/ANZHFR_FLA_Report_2015_Final.pdf. Accessed June 2017.
Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry. ANZHFR Bi-National annual report for hip fracture care 2017. http://anzhfr.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/ANZHFR-Annual-Report-2017.pdf. Accessed June 2017.
Aw D, Sahato O. Orthogeriatrics moving forward. Age Ageing. 2014;43(3):301–5.
Cosman F, de Beur S, LeBoff M, Lewiecki E, Tanner B, Randall S, Lindsay R. Clinician’s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2014;25:2359–81.
Khosla S, Riggs B. Pathophysiology of age-related bone loss and osteoporosis. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 2005;34:1015–30.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis. Cat. no. PHE 178. Canberra: AIHW; 2014. Accessed June 2017.
Zuckerman J. Hip fracture. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1519–25.
Ahn J, Bernstein J. In brief: fractures in brief: intertrochanteric hip fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 468:1450–2.
Barbosa de Toledo Lourenco P, Pires R. Subtrochanteric fractures of the femur: update. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia (English Edition). 2016;51:246–53.
Shane E, Burr D, Abrahamsen B, Alder RA, Brown TD, Chang AM, et al. Atypical subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures: second report of a task force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. J Bone Miner Res. 2010;25:2267–94.
Karagas M, Lu-Yao G, Barrett J, Beach M, Baron J. Heterogeneity of hip fracture: age, sex and geographic patterns of femoral neck and trochanteric fractures among the US elderly. Am J Epidemiol. 1996;143:677–82.
Mariconda M, Costa G, Cerbasi S, Recano P, Aitanti E, Gambacorta M. The determinants of mortality and morbidity during the year following fracture of the hip: a prospective study. Bone Joint J. 2015;97-B:383.
Brauer C, Coca-Perraillon M, Cutler D, Rosen A. Incidence and mortality of hip fractures in the United States. JAMA. 2009;302:1573.
Morrison R, Chassin M, Siu A. The medical consultant's role in caring for patients with hip fracture. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:1010.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The problem of osteoporotic hip fracture in Australia. Bulletin 76 AUS 121. Canberra: AIHW; 2010. http://www.aihw.gov.au/publication-detail/?id=6442468333. Accessed June 2017.
National Clinical Guideline Centre. The management of hip fracture in adults. London: National Clinical Guideline Centre; 2011. www.ncgc.ac.uk. Accessed June 2017.
Vidan M, Serra JA, Moreno C, Riquelme G, Ortiz J. Efficacy of a comprehensive geriatric intervention in older patients hospitalized for hip fracture: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:1476–82.
Fisher A, Davis W, Rubenach E, Sivakumaran S, Smith N, Budge M. Outcomes for older patients with hip fractures: the impact of orthopedic and geriatric medicine cocare. J Orthop Trauma. 2006;20:172–8.
Stenvall M, Olofsson B, Nyberg L, Lundstrom M, Gustafson Y. Improved performance in activities of daily living and mobility after a multidisciplinary postoperative rehabilitation in older people with femoral neck fracture: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. J Rehabil Med. 2007;39:232–8.
British Geriatric Society. Orthogeriatric models of care. 2007. http://www.bgs.org.uk/index.php/topresources/publicationfind/goodpractice/371-orthogeriatricmodels. Accessed June 2017.
Gillespie W, Walenkamp G. Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery for proximal femoral and other closed long bone fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(3):CD000244.
Surgical prophylaxis for orthopaedic surgery. In: eTG complete [Internet]. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited; 2017.
Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry (ANZHFR) Steering Group. Australian and New Zealand guideline for hip fracture care: improving outcomes in hip fracture management of adults. Sydney: Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry Steering Group; 2014.
Falck-Ytter Y, Francis C, Johanson N, Curley C, Dahl O, Schulman S, et al. Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012;141:e278S–325S.
Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Delirium clinical care standard. Sydney: ACSQHC; 2016. Accessed June 2017.
Edelstein D, Aharonoff G, Karp A, Capla E, Zuckerman J, Koval K. Effect of postoperative delirium on outcome after hip fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004;422:195–200.
Shields L, Henderson V, Caslake R. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for prevention of delirium after hip fracture: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017;65:1559–65.
Clinical Epidemiology and Health Service Evaluation Unit. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of delirium in older people. Melbourne: Victorian Government Department of Human Services on behalf of AHMAC; 2006;
Guay J, Parker M, Gajendragadkar P, Kopp S. Anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016;(2):CD000521.
Kamel H, Iqbal M, Mogallapu R, Maas D, Hoffmann R. Time to ambulation after hip fracture surgery: relation to hospitalization outcomes. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003;58:1042–5.
Koval K, Friend K, Aharonoff G, Zuckerman J. Weight bearing after hip fractures: a prospective series of 596 geriatric hip fracture patients. J Orthop Trauma. 1996;10:526–630.
Burge R, Worley D, Johanson A, Bhattacharya S, Bose U. The cost of osteoporotic fractures in the UK projections for 2000–2020. J Med Econ. 2001;4:51–62.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
-
1.
What is the optimal time to operate on a patient with a hip fracture?
-
A.
Immediately upon presentation after a fall
-
B.
Early surgery within the window of 48Â h
-
C.
Electively 48–96 h post fall
-
D.
After failing a trial of immobilization of 96Â h
-
A.
-
2.
What is the primary aim of surgery?
-
A.
Pain control
-
B.
Full weight bearing without restriction post operatively
-
C.
Haemostasis
-
D.
Full range of motion of the hip
-
A.
Answers to MCQs
-
1.
B
-
2.
B
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Benito, D. (2019). Ortho-geriatric Care. In: Nagaratnam, N., Nagaratnam, K., Cheuk, G. (eds) Advanced Age Geriatric Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96998-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96998-5_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-96997-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-96998-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)