Abstract
Climate change is severely affecting Mexico and Central America (IPCC 2014a) and has caused different impacts on men and women , regions and social classes . Several studies have shown that during disasters more women die than men. Why do the Red Cross, the World Bank and insurance companies only report the global number of deaths and damage, while other international agencies address the vulnerability of women and ignore the vulnerability of men? This approach has reinforced a woman-victim vision to justify their exclusion from decision-making processes and sharpen their post-disaster trauma. These behaviours also deprive society of efficient female support in the post-disaster period, when women have the capacity to organise refugee camps and collaborate in reconstruction processes. This lack of equity not only occurs in disaster management, but is imbued in all social processes of the present global patriarchal system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
Access to land worldwide is a dramatic expression of gender inequality . For instance, in Mexico only 18 per cent of women retain a property or the legal use of agricultural land , even when they are producing crops in it.
- 2.
See at: http://www.un.org/ (8 March 2016).
- 3.
In Mexico women produce 64% of the consumed food , basically in orchards, backyards and small plots of land .
References
Anttila-Hughes, Jesse, Solomon Hsiang (2013). “Destruction, Disinvestment, and Death: Economic and Human Losses Following Environmental Disaster”, http://ssrn.com/abstract=2220501.
Ariyabandu, Madhavi M., Dilrukshi Fonseka (2009). “Do Disasters Discriminate? A Human Security Analysis of the Tsunami Impacts in India, Sri Lanka and Kashmir Earthquake”, in Brauch et al. (Eds.), Facing Global Environmental Change, Berlin - Heidelberg, Springer, pp. 1223–1236.
Bradshaw, Sarah, Maureen Fordham (2013). Women, Girls and Disasters, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/236656/women-girls-disasters.pdf.
Burin, Mabel, Irene Meler (2000). Varones: género y subjetividad masculina, Buenos Aires, Editorial Paidós.
Cenapred (2016). Atlas Nacional de Riesgos. Indicadores Municipales de Peligro, Exposición y Vulnerabilidad, Mexico, D.F., CENAPRED.
Cheng, Lijing, Kevin E. Trenberth, John Fasullo, Tim Boyer, John Abraham, Jiang Zhu (2017). Improved estimates of ocean heat content from 1960 to 2015, Sci. Adv., Vol. 3, No. 3 (March), pp. e1601545.
CSW60 [Commission on the Status of Women] (2016). “Concluding Session, Women’s Commission Agrees on Approach for Gender-Responsive Implementation of Sustainable Development Agenda”, http://www.un.org/press/en/highlights/CSW60.
FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN] (2013). Climate smart agriculture. Sourcebook, http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3325e.pdf.
FAO (2015). Pérdidas y desperdicios de alimentos en ALC, Rome, FAO.
FAO (2016). Status of World’s Soil Resources, Rome, FAO.
Feras Ziadat, Sally B., Eddy De Pauw (2017). Land resource planning for sustainable land management, Rome, FAO.
Flores Palacio, Fátima (2014). “Senderos de vulnerabilidad de género y sus representaciones sociales en contextos situados”, in Oswald Spring et al. (Eds.), Vulnerabilidad social y género entre migrantes ambientales, Cuernavaca, CRIM-UNAM, pp. 275–292.
Forbes (2014). ¿Cuánto aportan las mujeres a la economía nacional? [How much women contribute to the national economy], Forbes, 6th of March, https://www.forbes.com.mx/cuanto-aportan-las-mujeres-la-economia-nacional/.
Gonzales, Christian, Sonali Jain-Chandra, Kalpana Kochhar, Monique Newiak, Tlek Zeinullayev (2015). Catalyst for Change: Empowering Women and Tackling Income Inequality, www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/sdn/2015/sdn1520.pdf.
Imaz Mirella, Blazquez Norma, Chao Veana, Castañeda Itza, Berinstain Ana (Eds.) (2014). Cambio climático. Miradas de género, Mexico, D.F., PUMA, CEIICH, PINCC-UNAM.
IMF (2016). Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group, Washington, IMF.
INEGI (2017). “En México somos 123.5 millones de habitantes”, July 2017, INEGI, Aguascalientes.
INEGI (2011–2015). Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH), Aguascalientes, Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Geografía.
INEGI (2012). Encuesta Nacional de Empleo (ENE), Aguascalientes, Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Geografía.
IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] (2012). Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] (2013). Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] (2014a). Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] (2014b). Climate Change 2014. Mitigation of Climate Change. Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Jiménez Guzmán, M. Lucero, Roxana Bosos (2016). Juventud precarizada. De la formación al trabajo una transición riesgosa, Cuernavaca, CRIM-UNAM.
Kim, Jim Yong (2015). “World Bank Group to Seek Key Certification on Workplace Equality”, http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/03/11/world-bank-group-to-seek-key-certification-on-workplace-equality.
Mendoza, Blanca, Juan Manuel Espíndola (2015). “Lecciones para México del Quinto Reporte del IPCC y forzadores naturales del cambio climático”, in Xochitl Cruz Núñez, Gian Carlo Delgado, Úrsula Oswald Spring (Eds.). México ante la urgencia climática: ciencia, política y sociedad, Mexico, D.F., CEIICH-CRIM-PINCC-UNAM, pp. 57–70.
Moscovici, Serge (1973). “Prefacio”, in C. Herzlich, D. Graham (Eds.). Health and illness. A social psychological analysis, London, Academic Press.
Mulyani Indrawati, Sri (2015). “The Transformation of the Indonesian Economy in Challenging Times”, http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/speech/2015/11/30/transformational-indonesian-economy-challenging-times.
Mulyani Indrawati, Sri (2016). “Why We Have to #Get2Equal”, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/sri-mulyani-indrawati/why-we-have-to-get2equal_b_6803552.html.
NOAA NCDC (2014). Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment, Washington, D.C., NOAA.
Oswald Spring, Úrsula (2008). Gender and Disasters. Human, Gender and Environmental Security: A HUGE Challenge, Source, Bonn, UNU-EHS.
Oswald Spring, Úrsula (2012). “Vulnerabilidad social en eventos hidrometeorológicos extremos: una comparación entre los huracanes Stan y Wilma en Octubre 2005 en La Península de Yucatán”, Revista SocioTam, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Jul.–Dec.), pp. 125–145.
Oswald Spring, Úrsula (2013). “Dual vulnerability among female household heads”, Acta Colombiana de Psicología, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 19–30.
Oswald Spring, Úrsula, S. Eréndira Serrano Oswald, Adriana Estrada Álvarez, Fátima Flores Palacios, Maribel Ríos Everardo, Hans Günter Brauch, Teresita E. Ruiz Pantoja, Carlos Lemus Ramírez, Ariana Estrada Villanueva, MT Mónica Cruz Rivera (2014). Vulnerabilidad social y género entre migrantes ambientales, Cuernavaca, CRIM-UNAM.
Oxfam (2016). An economy for the 1%. How privilege and power in the economy drive extreme inequality and how this can be stopped, https://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/file_attachments/bp210-economy-one-percent-tax-havens-180116-en_0.pdf.
Pedrero, Mercedes (2011). Valor Económico del Trabajo Doméstico en México. Aportaciones de Mujeres y Hombres, 2009, México. D.F., INMUJERES-CRIM-UNAM.
REN21 (2017). Renewable Energies, Paris, REN21.
UNDOC (2015). “Human trafficking”, https://www.unodc.org/toc/en/crimes/human-trafficking.html.
UNGA (2015). Sustainable Development Goals, New York, UNGA.
UNISDR (2016). Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience, https://www.preventionweb.net/files/49076_unplanofaction.pdf.
UNISDR (2017). Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, https://www.preventionweb.net/files/55465_globalplatform2017proceedings.pdf.
Via Campesina (2011). “Peasant agriculture: a real solution to climate change”, https://viacampesina.org/en/peasant-agriculture-a-real-solution-to-climate-change/.
WB [WorldBank] (2017). Climate Smart Agriculture, Washington, D.C., WB.
Wilkinson, Richard y Kate Pickett (2009). The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, Allen Lane, London.
Zambrano, Eduardo (2016). “El Niño 2015–2016. Evolución y Perspectivas”, Guayaquil, Centro Internacional de Investigación para el Fenómeno el Niño.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Oswald Spring, Ú. (2019). Gender, Climate Change and Sustainable Development Goals. In: Úrsula Oswald Spring: Pioneer on Gender, Peace, Development, Environment, Food and Water. Pioneers in Arts, Humanities, Science, Engineering, Practice, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94712-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94712-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-94711-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-94712-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)