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Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA)

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Multiple Access Techniques for 5G Wireless Networks and Beyond

Abstract

Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) enables non-orthogonal transmissions of multiple users’ signals among code and power domain, which could greatly improve the spectral efficiency. Due to the sparsity of the multi-dimensional codewords, the low-complexity message-passing algorithm (MPA) can be adopted and near maximum likelihood (ML) performance for multi-user detection can be achieved. In this chapter, a general description of SCMA including the system model, codebook mapping, and multi-user detection schemes are provided. The performance analysis for SCMA, such as the codeword error probability and cutoff rate, are introduced. A general introduction on the codebooks design is given, and approaches of some efficient construction for the multi-dimensional constellations/codebooks are discussed.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In practical scenarios, each user employs one or multiple layers.

  2. 2.

    Without feedback from the FEC decoder, \(p(\mathbf {x}_j) = \frac{1}{M}\) for all the users.

  3. 3.

    There are M! possible pairing patterns for \((\mathbf {x}_{i,a}, \mathbf {x}_{i,b})\), hence M! choices for \(\mathscr {P}_i\). The tightness of the bound is determined by the specific selection of the pairing patterns. A detailed seek for the appropriate pairing pattern can be found in [19].

  4. 4.

    This is the relaxed product distance that takes the product of all the dimension-wise distance between two points into consideration.

  5. 5.

    The star-QAM-based codebook targets on downlink channels, while its performance deteriorates in the uplink and for large constellation size.

  6. 6.

    The constellation 1 is constructed by rotation over the product of a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and a quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) constellation with Gray labelings, using the approach in Sect. 12.3.2.2 (G\(_{8,8}\)), and constellation 2 is the repetition over an 8PSK constellation with Gray labeling, i.e., the LDS scheme [29].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Southwest Jiaotong University, West Section, High-tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Zheng Ma & Jinchen Bao

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  1. Zheng Ma
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Correspondence to Zheng Ma .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA

    Mojtaba Vaezi

  2. The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Zhiguo Ding

  3. Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

    H. Vincent Poor

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Ma, Z., Bao, J. (2019). Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA). In: Vaezi, M., Ding, Z., Poor, H. (eds) Multiple Access Techniques for 5G Wireless Networks and Beyond. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92090-0_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92090-0_12

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