Abstract
This chapter seeks to understand the complex, damaging contexts that provoke increasing numbers of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer population in northern Central America to flee their homes. Through personal accounts of queer mobility in the region, displacement is analysed not as a one-off or exceptional event, but as a constantly shifting process (moving out of place) and condition (being out of place). Queer mobility is seen here in terms of the quest for placement, rather than as movement per se. Continuous negotiations to stay put, to make a place for oneself, were based in disadvantage which often resulted in complex displacements. Displacement in these terms is an intrinsic part of marginal queer experience. While the ruptures associated with these displacements can cause damage, so they can disrupt established oppressions and allow room to re-accommodate one’s personal social location. Yet, since this re-accommodation is the result of complex constellations of marginalised existence, it is fragile, and hard-won gains can be short-lived. In particular, the intersection between gender and sexual transgression, economic and social marginalization, and rampant organized and targeted hate violence all translate into pervasive precarity. The gravity and complexity of the experiences shared here highlight the need to ensure that the growing body of work on queer migration and asylum does not overshadow other spatial and temporal scales of displacement which are a crucial dynamic of the relationship between queer mobility and survival.
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Notes
- 1.
Personal communication, October 2017, UNHCR, Tapachula Mexico.
- 2.
The stories which appear here are the result of continued in-depth research on violence-based displacement and sexual diversity in northern Central America and from that region to Mexico carried out since 2015, and relate to three specific research projects, coordinated by the author: “The mobility “crisis” in Central America and Mexico,” El Colegio de la Frontera Sur/United Nations High Commission for Refugees, funded by the International Organization for Migration; “Sexual diversity and mobility at the Mexico-Guatemala border,” El Colegio de la Frontera Sur/Una Mano Amiga en la Lucha Contra el SIDA AC, financed by the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, and “Forced and strategic LGBT mobility in Southern Mexico,” as part of broader project “Vulnerability in Southeastern Mexico: Megadiversity and alternative wellbeing practices,” funded by El Colegio de la Frontera Sur/Mexican Science and Technology Council (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología).
- 3.
Vulgar and derogatory term for homosexual.
- 4.
Name unchanged at specific request of the person concerned.
- 5.
See for example United States Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2014. EL SALVADOR 2014 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2014. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/236900.pdf; Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 2014. El Salvador: Situation of sexual minorities, including treatment by society and authorities; support services and state protection, including implementation of anti-discrimination legislation (2012-June 2014). http://www.refworld.org/docid/53e492bb4.html.
- 6.
Vulgar and derogatory term for homosexual activity.
- 7.
Personal communication, September 2017.
- 8.
Lack of state protection is a key driver of violence-based displacement in northern Central America (Winton 2017b).
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Winton, A. (2019). ‘I’ve got to go somewhere’: Queer Displacement in Northern Central America and Southern Mexico. In: Güler, A., Shevtsova, M., Venturi, D. (eds) LGBTI Asylum Seekers and Refugees from a Legal and Political Perspective. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91905-8_6
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