Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Epithelial Tumors of the Lacrimal Gland

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

  • 41 Accesses

Abstract

Space-occupying lesions of the lacrimal gland and its fossa constitute approximately 5–13% of orbital masses upon biopsy (Shields et al., Arch Ophthalmol 102:1606–1611, 1984; Reese, Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 91:85–104, 1971; Kennedy, Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 82:134–157, 1984). Based primarily on Reese’s (Am J Ophthalmol 41:3–11, 1956) 1956 clinicopathologic survey of 112 consecutive expanding lesions of the lacrimal gland, most authorities generally report that approximately 50% of the lesions originate from epithelial elements of the lacrimal gland and 50% are of nonepithelial origin (Font and Gamel, Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: a clinicopathologic study of 79 cases. In Nicholson DH (ed). Ocular pathology update. Mason, New York, pp 271–275, 1980; Goder, Orbit 1:91–96, 1982; Rootman, Diseases of the orbit: a multidisciplinary approach. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 384–405, 1988). Of nonepithelial lesions, 50% are lymphoid tumors and 50% are comprised of various infections and inflammatory conditions. Among the epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland, approximately 50% are pleomorphic adenomas (benign mixed tumors), 25% are adenoid cystic carcinoma, while the remaining tumors are composed of other types of carcinoma. Information from clinical history, physical examination, and diagnostic imaging, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, form the foundation in determining which category of disease the lacrimal gland tumor belongs. Proper differentiation between lacrimal gland neoplasms is of paramount importance as several of the lesions are life-threatening. The intent of this chapter is to review the clinical characteristics, pertinent diagnostic and pathologic features, biological behavior, and conventional management protocols for the more common epithelial lacrimal gland tumors. A new treatment paradigm for adenoid cystic carcinoma will also be highlighted, as well as the basic science research underlying the advances in the development of targeted anticancer therapies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Shields JA, Bakewell B, Augsburger JJ, Flanagan JC. Classification and incidence of space-occupying lesions of the orbit: a survey of 645 biopsies. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102:1606–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Reese AB. Expanding lesions of the orbit. Bowman Lecture. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK. 1971;91:85–104.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kennedy RE. An evaluation of 820 orbital cases. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1984;82:134–57.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Reese AB. The treatment of expanding lesions of the orbit: with particular regard to those arising in the lacrimal gland. The Seventh Arthur J Bedell Lecture. Am J Ophthalmol. 1956;41:3–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Font RL, Gamel JW. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: a clinicopathologic study of 79 cases. In: Nicholson DH, editor. Ocular pathology update. New York: Mason; 1980. p. 271–5.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Goder GJ. Tumours of the lacrimal gland. Orbit. 1982;1:91–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rootman J. Diseases of the orbit: a multidisciplinary approach. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1988. p. 384–405.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Shields CL, Shields JA, Eagle RC, Rathwell JP. Clinicopathologic review of 142 cases of lacrimal gland lesions. Ophthalmologica. 1989;96:431–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Jakobiec FA, Font RL. Orbit. In: Spencer WH, editor. Ophthalmic pathology: an atlas and textbook. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1986. p. 2496–525.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Stewart WB, Krohel GB, Wright JE. Lacrimal gland and fossa lesions: an approach to diagnosis and management. Ophthalmology. 1979;86:886–95.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Wright JE, Ross GE, Garner A. Primary malignant neoplasms of the lacrimal gland. Br J Ophthalmol. 1992;76:401.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Hurwitz JJ. A practical approach to the management of lacrimal gland lesions. Ophthalmic Surg. 1982;13:829.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Wright JE, Stewart WB, Krohel GB. Clinical presentation and management of lacrimal gland tumours. Br J Ophthalmol. 1979;63:600–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Font RL, Smith SL, Bryan RG. Malignant epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland: a clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:613–6.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ni C, Cheng SC, Dryja TP, Cheng TY. Lacrimal gland tumors: a clinicopathological analysis of 160 cases. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1982;22:99–120.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Auran J, Jakobiec FA, Krebs W. Benign mixed tumor of the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland. Ophthalmology. 1988;95:90–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bech K, Jensen OA. Mixed tumor of the lower orbital region. Arch Ophthalmol. 1965;74:226–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Mueller EC, Borit A. Aberrant lacrimal gland and pleomorphic adenoma within the muscle cone. Ann Ophthalmol. 1979;11:661–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mindlin A, Lambert D, Barsky D. Mixed lacrimal gland tumor arising from ectopic lacrimal gland tissue in the orbit. J Pediatr Ophthalmol. 1977;14:44–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Murphy MB, Rodriques MM. Benign mixed tumor of the (palpebral) lacrimal gland presenting as a nodular eyelid lesion. Am J Ophthalmol. 1974;77:108–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Jakobiec FA, Yeo JH, Trokel SL, et al. Combined clinical and computed tomographic diagnosis of primary lacrimal fossa lesions. Am J Ophthalmol. 1982;94:785–807.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Jakobiec FA, Font, RL. Orbit. In: Spencer WH, Font RL, Green WR, et al, eds. Ophthalmic pathology. An atlas and textbook. 3. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1986:2459–2860.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Wright JE, Stewart WB, Krohel GB. Clinical presentation and management of lacrimal gland tumors. Br J Ophthalmol. 1979;63:600–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Rootman J, Robertson WD. Tumors. In: Rootman J, editor. Diseases of the orbit. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Font RL, Gamel JW. Epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland: analysis of 265 cases. In: Jakobiec FA, editor. Ocular and adnexal tumors. Birmingham: Aesculapius; 1978. p. 787–805.

    Google Scholar 

  26. McPherson SD Jr. Mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland: in a seven-year-old boy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1966;61:561–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Rose ER, Wright JE. Pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland. Br J Ophthalmol. 1992;76:395.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Tse DT, Folberg R. Technique for incisional biopsy of a lacrimal gland mass when the diagnosis of benign mixed tumor cannot be excluded clinically. Ophthalmic Surg. 1988;19:321–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Bolzoni A, Pianta L, Farina D, Nicolai P. Benign myoepithelioma of the lacrimal gland: report of a case. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;262:186–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Font RL, Garner A. Myoepithelioma of the lacrimal gland: report of a case with spindle cell morphology. Br J Ophthalmol. 1992;76:634–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Grossniklaus HE, Wojno TH, Wilson MW, Someren AO. Myoepithelioma of the lacrimal gland. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:1588–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Biggs SL, Font RL. Oncocytic lesions of the caruncle and other ocular adnexa. Arch Ophthalmol. 1977;95:474–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Bonavolonta G, Tranfa F, Staibano S, et al. Warthin tumor of the lacrimal gland. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;124:857–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Wright JE. Factors affecting the survival of patients with lacrimal gland tumours. Can J Ophthalmol. 1982;17:3–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Lee DA, Campbell RJ, Waller RR, et al. A clinicopathologic study of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Ophthalmology. 1985;92:128–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Gamel JW, Font RL. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: the clinical significance of a basaloid histologic pattern. Hum Pathol. 1982;13:219–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Tellado MV, McLean JW, Specht CS, Varga J. Adenoid cystic carcinoma s of the lacrimal gland in childhood and adolescence. Ophthalmology. 1997;104:1622–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Tse DT, Benedetto P, Dubovy S, et al. Clinical analysis of the effect of intraarterial cytoreductive chemotherapy in the treatment of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141:44–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Shields JA, Shields CL, Eagle RC Jr, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma developing in the nasal orbit. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;123:398–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Shields JA, Shields CL, Eagle RC Jr, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland simulating a dermoid cyst in a 9-year-old boy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:1673–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Wharton JACL, O’Donnell BA. Unusual presentations of pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1999;27:145–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Duke TG, Fahy GT, Brown LJR. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the superonasal conjunctival fornix. Orbit. 2000;19:31–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Henderson JW, Campell RJ, Farrow GM, Garrity JA. Orbital tumors. 3rd ed. New York: Raven Press Ltd; 1994. p. 323–42.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Kiratli H, Bilgic S. An unusual clinical course of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Orbit. 1999;18:197–201.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Günalp I, Gündüz K. Epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland. Orbit. 1994;13:147–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Byers RM, Berkeley RG, Luna M, Jesse RH. Combined therapeutic approach to malignant lacrimal gland tumors. Am J Ophthalmol. 1975;79:53–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Henderson JW, Neault RW. En bloc removal of intrinsic neoplasms of the lacrimal gland. Am J Ophthalmol. 1976;82:905–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Rootman J, Lapointe JS. Tumors of the lacrimal gland. In: Rootman J, editor. Diseases of the orbit. A multidisciplinary approach. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1988. p. 384–95.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Marsh JL, Wise DM, Smith M, Schwartz H. Lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma: intracranial and extracranial en bloc resection. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1981;68:577–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Janecka I, Housepian E, Trokel S, et al. Surgical management of malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland. Am J Surg. 1984;148:539–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Saini JS, Mohan K, Khandalavala B. Primary radiotherapy in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Orbit. 1990;9:107–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Asikin Natanegara IAA, Koornneef L, Veenhof K, et al. An alternative approach for the management of adenocystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Orbit. 1990;9:101–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Polito E, Leccisotti A. Epithelial malignancies of the lacrimal gland: survival rates after extensive and conservative therapy. Ann Ophthalmol. 1993;25:422–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Tyl JWM, Blank LECM, Koornneef L. Brachytherapy in orbital tumors. Ophthalmology. 1997;104:1475–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Buchholz TA, Shimotakahara SG, Weymuller EA Jr, et al. Neutron radiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993;119:747–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Douglas JG, Laramore GE, Austin-Seymour M, et al. Treatment of locally advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck with neutron radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;46:551–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Wolkow N, Jakobiec FA, Lee H, Sutula FC. Long-term outcomes of globe-preserving surgery with proton beam radiation for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;195:43–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Henderson JW. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland, is there a cure? Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1987;85:312–4; discussion 314–319

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Henderson JW. Past, present, and future surgical management of malignant epithelial neoplasms of the lacrimal gland. Br J Ophthalmol. 1986;70:727–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Ashton N. Epithelial tumours of the lacrimal gland. Mod Probl Ophthalmol. 1975;14:306–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Zimmerman LE, Sanders TE, Ackerman LV. Epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland: prognostic and therapeutic significance of histologic types. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1962;2:337–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Esmaeli B, Ahmadi MA, Youssef A, et al. Outcomes in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;20:22–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Bartley GB, Harris GJ. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: is there a cure…yet? Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;18:315–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Naugle T Jr, Tepper DJ, Haik BG. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: a case report. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994;10:45–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Meldrum ML, Tse DT, Benedetto P. Neoadjuvant intracarotid chemotherapy for treatment of advanced adenocystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:315–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Sessions RB, Lehane DE, Smith RJ, et al. Intra-arterial cisplatin treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol. 1982;108:221–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Suen JY, Johns ME. Chemotherapy for salivary gland cancer. Laryngoscope. 1982;92:235–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Tsukuda M, Kokatsu T, Ito K, et al. Chemotherapy for recurrent adeno- and adenoid cystic carcinomas in the head and neck. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1993;119:756–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Schramm VL Jr, Srodes C, Myers EN. Cisplatin therapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol. 1981;107:739–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Kaplan MJ, Johns ME, Cantrell RW. Chemotherapy for salivary gland cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986;95:165–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Venook AP, Tseng A Jr, Meyers FJ, et al. Cisplatin, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy for salivary gland malignancies: a pilot study of the Northern California Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 1987;5:951–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Finkelstein SD, Marsh W, Demetris AJ, et al. Microdissection-based allelotyping discriminates de novo tumor from intrahepatic spread in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2003;37:871–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Rolston R, Sasatomi E, Hunt J, et al. Distinguishing de novo second cancer formation from tumor recurrence: mutational fingerprinting by microdissection genotyping. J Mol Diagn. 2001;3:129–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  74. Cheung O, Kandil H, Moser AJ, et al. Primary duodenal carcinoma showing divergent growth patterns as determined by microdissection-based mutational genotyping. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:861–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Sasatomi E, Finkelstein SD, Woods JD, et al. Comparison of accumulated allele loss between primary tumor and lymph node metastasis in stage II non-small cell lung carcinoma: implications for the timing of lymph node metastasis and prognostic value. Cancer Res. 2002;62:2681–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Chae YK, Chung SY, Davis AA, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: current therapy and potential therapeutic advances based on genomic profiling. Oncotarget. 2015;6(35):37117–34.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  77. von Holstein SL, Fehr A, Persson M, Therkildsen MH, Prause JU, Heegaard S, Stenman G. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: MYB gene activation, genomic imbalances, and clinical characteristics. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(10):2130–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Bell D, Sniegowski MC, Wani K, Prieto V, Esmaeli B. Mutational landscape of lacrimal gland carcinomas and implications for treatment. Head Neck. 2016;38(Suppl 1):E724–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Sant DW, Tao W, Field MG, Pelaez D, Jin K, Capobianco A, Dubovy SR, Tse DT, Wang G. Whole exome sequencing of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58(6):BIO240–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  80. Lobry C, Oh P, Aifantis I. Oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions of Notch in cancer: it’s NOTCH what you think. J Exp Med. 2011;208:1931–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  81. Su BH, Qu J, Song M, et al. NOTCH1 signaling contributes to cell growth, anti-apoptosis and metastasis in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2014;5:6885–95.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  82. Dvoriantchikova G, Tao W, Pappas S, et al. Molecular profiling of the developing lacrimal gland reveals putative role of Notch signaling in branching morphogenesis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58:1098–109.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  83. ClinicalTrials.gov. National Library of Medicine (U.S) A study of AL101 in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) bearing activating notch mutations (ACCURACY). 2018. Identifier: NCT03691207. Retrieved from https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03691207

  84. Tchekmedyian V, Sherman EJ, Dunn L, Tran C, Baxi S, Katabi N, Antonescu CR, Ostrovnaya I, Haque SS, Pfister DG, Ho AL. Phase II study of lenvatinib in patients with progressive, recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(18):1529–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  85. Chau NG, Hotte SJ, Chen EX, et al. A phase II study of sunitinib in recurrent and/or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the salivary glands: current progress and challenges in evaluating molecularly targeted agents in ACC. Ann Oncol. 2012;23:1562–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Thomson DJ, Silva P, Denton K, et al. Phase II trial of sorafenib in advanced salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck. Head Neck. 2015;37:182–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Locati LD, Perrone F, Cortelazzi B, et al. A phase II study of sorafenib in recurrent and/or metastatic salivary gland carcinomas: translational analyses and clinical impact. Eur J Cancer. 2016;69:158–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Ho AL, Dunn L, Sherman EJ, et al. A phase II study of axitinib (AG-013736) in patients with incurable adenoid cystic carcinoma. Ann Oncol. 2016;27:1902–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  89. Wong SJ, Karrison T, Hayes DN, et al. Phase II trial of dasatinib for recurrent ormetastatic c-KIT expressing adenoid cystic carcinoma and for nonadenoid cystic malignant salivary tumors. Ann Oncol. 2016;27:318–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Ho AL, Sherman EJ, Baxi SS, et al. Phase II study of regorafenib in progressive, recurrent/metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(suppl 15).; (abstr 6096)

    Google Scholar 

  91. Dillon PM, Petroni GR, Horton BJ, et al. A phase II study of dovitinib in patients with recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23:4138–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  92. Keam B, Kim S-B, Shin SH, et al. Phase 2 study of dovitinib in patients with metastatic or unresectable adenoid cystic carcinoma. Cancer. 121:2612–7, 20

    Google Scholar 

  93. Doddapaneni R, Tao W, Naranjo A, Nikpoor N, Tse DT, Pelaez D. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) as a therapeutic target in adenoid cysticcarcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Oncotarget. 2019;10(4):480–93.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  94. Heaps RS, Miller NR, Albert DM, et al. Primary adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Ophthalmology. 1993;100:1856–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Jakobiec FA. Tumors of the lacrimal gland and lacrimal sac. In: Symposium on diseases and surgery of the lids, lacrimal apparatus, and orbit. Transactions of the New Orleans academy of ophthalmology. St Louis: CV Mosby; 1982. p. 190–202.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Henderson JW, Farrow GM. Primary malignant mixed tumors of the lacrimal gland. Ophthalmologica. 1980;87:466–75.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Shields JA, Shields CL. Malignant transformation of presumed pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland after 60 years. Arch Ophthalmol. 1987;105:1403–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Font RL, Patipa M, Rosenbaum PS, et al. Correlation of computed tomographic and histopathologic features in malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor of lacrimal gland. Surv Ophthalmol. 1990;34:449–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Reese AB. Tumors of the eye. 2nd ed. New York: Harper and Row; 1963. p. 485–506.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Dithmar S, Wojno TH, Washington C, Grossniklaus HE. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of an accessory lacrimal gland with orbital invasion. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000;16:162–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Eviatar JA, Hornblass A. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland: 25 cases and a review and update of the literature. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993;9:170–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Pulitzer DR, Echert ER. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Arch Ophthalmol. 1987;105:1406–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Wagoner MD, Chuo N, Gonder JR, et al. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Ann Ophthalmol. 1982;14:383–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Jang J, Kie JH, Lee SY, Kim SJ, et al. Acinic cell carcinoma of the lacrimal gland with intracranial extension. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2001;17:454–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. De Rosa G, Zeppa P, Tranfa F, Bonavolonta G. Acinic cell carcinoma arising in a lacrimal gland: first case report. Cancer. 1986;57:1988–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Hotta K, Arisawa T, Mito H, Narita M. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005;33:534–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Su GW, Patipa M, Font RL. Primary squamous cell carcinoma arising from an epithelium-lined cyst of the lacrimal gland. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;21:383–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Fenton S, Srinivasan S, Harnett A, Brown I. Squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Eye. 2003;17:424–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Shields JA, Shields CL, Epstein JA, Scartozzi R. Primary epithelial malignancies of the lacrimal gland: the 2003 Ramon L. Font lecture. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;20:10–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Chan WM, Liu DTL, Lam LYM, Choi PCL. Primary epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122:1714–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Takahira M, Nakamura YM, Shimizu SI, et al. Carcinosarcoma of the lacrimal gland arising from a pleomorphic adenoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;140:337–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Ni C, Kuo KP, Dryja KP. Histopathologic classification of 272 primary epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland. Chin Med J. 1992;105:481–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL, USA

    David T. Tse

  2. Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Michelle W. Latting

  3. Loma Linda University Eye Institute, Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Jennifer I. Hui

  4. The Eyelid Institute, Palm Desert, CA, USA

    Jennifer I. Hui

Authors
  1. David T. Tse
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Michelle W. Latting
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jennifer I. Hui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David T. Tse .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University Department of Ophthalmology, Portland, OR, USA

    Daniel Albert

  2. Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA

    Joan Miller

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Ophthalmology, Chicago, IL, USA

    Dimitri Azar

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Lucy H. Young

Section Editor information

  1. No affiliation provided

    Eric Steele

  2. No affiliation provided

    John Ng

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Tse, D.T., Latting, M.W., Hui, J.I. (2020). Epithelial Tumors of the Lacrimal Gland. In: Albert, D., Miller, J., Azar, D., Young, L.H. (eds) Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90495-5_68-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90495-5_68-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-90495-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-90495-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation