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Body

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Abstract

Decisive for the meaning of “body” is whether it is understood in the context of a dualistic or of a monistic anthropology. According to Plato, body is the soul fallen out of the prison of God’s existence. For Descartes, who formulated the dualism between body and soul, body is reduced to a machine which stirs the human mind. Distinguished from these dualistic approaches are those concepts which start from the unity of life, from a bodily being which can only distinguish its internal aspects (soul, subject, person) and its external aspects (body, object). This phenomenological approach corresponds with the Judeo-Christian anthropology. The different concepts of the body generate different ethical consequences.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Hans Walter Wolf, Anthropologie des Alten Testaments, Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2010, p. 40.

  2. 2.

    Eckhardt Reinmuth, Anthropologie im Neuen Testament, Tübingen, Basel: A. Francke, 2006, p. 233.

  3. 3.

    Friedrich Christoph Oetinger, Biblisches und Emblematisches Wörterbuch (reprint of the first edition, Stuttgart 1776), Hildesheim: Verlagsbuchhandlung Georg Olms, 1969, p. 407.

  4. 4.

    Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus spake Zarathustra, New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1999, pp. 19–20 (German original: Idem., Also sprach Zarathustra in: Idem., Sämtliche Werke: Kritische Studienausgabe, Volume 4, Berlin: de Gruyter, 1980, pp. 39–41).

  5. 5.

    Bernhard Waldenfels, Das leibliche Selbst: Vorlesungen zur Phänomenologie des Leibes, Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 2000, pp. 24ff.

  6. 6.

    Ibid., pp. 247ff.

  7. 7.

    Thomas Fuchs, Leib, Raum, Person: Entwurf einer phänomenologischen Anthropologie, Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, 2000, p. 131.

  8. 8.

    For instance Marie-Luise Angerer, Gender und Performance: Ist leibliche Identität ein Konstrukt?, in: Emmanuel Alloa et al. (eds.). Leiblichkeit: Geschichte und Aktualität eines Konzepts, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2012, pp. 334–349.

  9. 9.

    Gernot Böhme, Leibsein als Aufgabe: Leibphilosophie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, Kusterdingen: Graue Edition, 2003, pp. 72–75.

Literature

  • Angerer, Marie-Luise, Gender und Performance: Ist leibliche Identität ein Konstrukt?, in: Alloa, Emanuel et al. (eds.). Leiblichkeit: Geschichte und Aktualität eines Konzepts, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2012, pp. 334-349.

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  • Böhme, Gernot, Leibsein als Aufgabe: Leibphilosophie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, Kusterdingen: Graue Edition, 2003.

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  • Fuchs, Thomas, Leib, Raum, Person: Entwurf einer phänomenologischen Anthropologie, Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nietzsche, Friedrich, Thus spake Zarathustra, New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1999 (German original: Idem., Also sprach Zarathustra in: Idem, Sämtliche Werke: Kritische Studienausgabe, Volume 4, Berlin: de Gruyter, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oetinger, Friedrich Christoph, Biblisches und Emblematisches Wörterbuch (reprint of the first edition, Stuttgart 1776), Hildesheim: Verlagsbuchhandlung Georg Olms, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinmuth, Eckhardt, Anthropologie im Neuen Testament, Tübingen, Basel: A. Francke, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waldenfels, Bernhard, Das leibliche Selbst: Vorlesungen zur Phänomenologie des Leibes, Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, Hans Walter, Anthropologie des Alten Testaments, Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

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Correspondence to Ulrich Eibach .

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Eibach, U. (2019). Body. In: Kühnhardt, L., Mayer, T. (eds) The Bonn Handbook of Globality. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90377-4_7

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