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Cannabis Use Disorder as a Developmental Disorder

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Cannabis Use Disorders

Abstract

The prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) varies with age. Adolescents are particularly susceptible to negative consequences associated with heavy cannabis use. In this chapter, the age-related trends in CUD are discussed. Neurobiological risk factors associated with increased risk of developing a CUD are also discussed, including impulsivity/disinhibition, emotional dysregulation, and sensitivity to the rewarding properties of cannabis. Environmental risk factors such as low parental monitoring, parental cannabis use, and association with peers who use cannabis may contribute to cannabis use initiation in adolescence, indirectly influencing the development of CUD. Evidence for behavioral and pharmacological treatments for adolescent CUD is reviewed. More research is available on behavioral treatments for adolescent CUD, and these are often the first-line treatment options. Emerging evidence suggests promising pharmacological adjuncts for the treatment of adolescent CUD, however. Preliminary data examining these pharmacological treatments suggests that effective treatments for adults may not be appropriate or effective for adolescents and vice versa, though further research is necessary.

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Abbreviations

CBT:

Cognitive behavioral therapy

CUD:

Cannabis use disorder

DSM:

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

EFBT:

Ecological family-based therapy

NAC:

N-acetylcysteine

SUD:

Substance use disorder

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Rachel L. Tomko, Amber N. Williamson, Aimee L. McRae-Clark & Kevin M. Gray

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  1. Rachel L. Tomko
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  2. Amber N. Williamson
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Correspondence to Rachel L. Tomko .

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  1. Division of Pharma & Med Cons Drug Abuse, NIDA, NIH, Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Ivan D. Montoya

  2. Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse Division of Extramural Research, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Susan R. B. Weiss

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Tomko, R.L., Williamson, A.N., McRae-Clark, A.L., Gray, K.M. (2019). Cannabis Use Disorder as a Developmental Disorder. In: Montoya, I., Weiss, S. (eds) Cannabis Use Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90365-1_18

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