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Notch and Stem Cells

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Molecular Mechanisms of Notch Signaling

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1066))

Abstract

The Notch pathway is crucial in the regulation of stem cells biology. Notch-mediated signalling controls several aspects of tissue homeostasis in both embryonic and adult tissues, balancing stem cells maintenance and differentiation. Although the major elements of the pathway are well conserved throughout evolution, its fine regulation varies among different systems. In this review, we are focusing at the differences and analogies of Notch activity in different animal models, comparing stem cells of various tissues in both adulthood and development. We summarize the major mode of action of the Notch-pathway in dependency to the type of ligand, cross-talk control and transcriptional regulation adopted by stem cells to preserve their undifferentiation status or complete their maturation.

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Abbreviations

Dll:

Delta-like

Jag:

Jagged

RBPJ:

Recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region

Ngn2:

Neurogenin2

ES:

Embryonic stem cells

LIF:

Leukemia inhibitory factor

BMP:

Bone morphogenetic protein

NSCs:

Neural stem cells

SOP:

Sensory organ precursor

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acidic protein

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

HSCs:

Hematopoietic stem cells

EMPs:

Erythroid-myeloid progenitors

Hes1:

Hairy and enhancer of split 1

Hey2:

Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 2

TAD:

Transactivation domain

AGM:

Aorta-gonad-mesonephros

BM:

Bone marrow

DN1/DN3:

Double negative (thymocytes)

TCR:

T-cell receptor

Th1:

Lymphocyte T-helper1

Th2:

Lymphocyte T-helper2

T-ALL:

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

B-CLL:

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the B-cell lineage

LGR5:

Leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5

IFE:

Interfollicular epidermis

HF:

Hair follicles

SG:

Sebaceous glands

ROCK2:

Rho-associated protein kinase 2

RECK:

Reversion-inducing Cysteine-rich Protein with Kazal Motifs

ADAM:

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase

NRARP:

NOTCH-regulated ankyrin repeat-containing protein

MyoD:

Myogenic differentiation antigen

TRAF6:

TNF-receptor-associated factor 6

POGLUT1:

Protein O-glucosyltransferase 1

PTEN:

Phosphatase and tensin homologue

PAX3/7:

Paired homeobox transcription factors

BRG1 :

Brahma-related gene-1

APC:

Adenomatous polyposis coli

NLK:

Nemo-like kinase

GDE2:

Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase 2

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank L. Espinosa for comments and discussion on the manuscript and H.B.F. Pohl for the help with the graphics. This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation (MINECO) (SAF2013-40922-R and SAF2016 -75613-R). CP is a recipient of Juan de la Cierva fellowship (FJCI2014-19870).

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Correspondence to Anna Bigas .

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Bigas, A., Porcheri, C. (2018). Notch and Stem Cells. In: Borggrefe, T., Giaimo, B. (eds) Molecular Mechanisms of Notch Signaling. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1066. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_12

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