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Abstract

Football holds a very peculiar place in France, as the Constitution of a popular sports’ sphere was a political question from the beginning. The public sector (notably the state and cities) played an eminent role in the development of football in the country; also this was also hindered by history (the delayed start of the industrial revolution) and geography (the size of the territory, the development of football in the countryside first). Victory in the 1998 World Cup and the disaster of the 2010 campaign also marked two turning points. Consequently, regional rivalries in French football are comparatively recent and major rivalries are not strictly local. Most importantly, the so-called “French exception” is the ambiguous relationship the country entertains with football: while still heavily criticised by a fraction of intellectuals, it remains the most popular sport. This ambiguity was never more apparent than in relation to partisanship, which is severely discouraged by the authorities. From public involvement to the fickleness towards supporters, the case of Paris Saint-Germain provides a good summary of the French relationship towards football.

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Ranc, D., Hourcade, N. (2018). France. In: De Waele, JM., Gibril, S., Gloriozova, E., Spaaij, R. (eds) The Palgrave International Handbook of Football and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78777-0_3

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