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Dietary Phenolic Compounds in Biological Samples: Current Challenges in Analytical Chemistry

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Bioactive Molecules in Food

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are bioactive molecules relevant in plant-derived foods and are associated with beneficial health effects in humans. The metabolism of these phytonutrients comprises of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion and is investigated in in vivo intervention or in vitro cell culture studies. Blood and urine samples are collected during animal or human trials, and matrix effects caused by high protein and salt concentration are a major challenge during analysis. This chapter describes the context between the matrix effects which arise during phenolic compound analysis from biological samples and possible analytical techniques to handle these challenges. Difficulties arise from interfering matrix compounds, low concentrations of chemically heterogeneous metabolites, and the lack of reference compounds. Therefore, interactions of phenolic compounds with plasma proteins are reviewed, as well as ion suppression as one of the most common matrix effects during LC-MS analysis. Frequently used analytical techniques for sample preparation, compound synthesis, separation, and detection are described in this chapter.

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Abbreviations

ADME:

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

APCI:

Atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

CCS:

Collision cross-section

CE:

Capillary electrophoresis

CEAD:

Coulometric electrode-array detection

COMT:

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

DMF:

Dimethylformamide

EC:

Epicatechin

ECG:

Epicatechin-3-gallate

EGC:

Epigallocatechin

EGCG:

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

HILIC:

Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography

HSA:

Human serum albumin

IT:

Ion trap

LC:

Liquid chromatography

m/z :

Mass-to-charge ratio

MALDI:

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization

MRM:

Multiple reaction monitoring

MRP:

Multidrug resistance protein family

MS:

Mass spectrometry

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

NP:

Normal-phase

QqQ:

Triple quadrupole

RP:

Reversed-phase

SIM:

Selected ion monitoring

SPE:

Solid-phase extraction

SULT:

Sulfotransferase

TFA:

Trifluoroacetic acid

ToF:

Time-of-flight

UGT:

Uridine-5′-diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases

(U)HPLC:

(Ultra)-High-performance liquid chromatography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Maike Passon

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  1. Maike Passon
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Correspondence to Maike Passon .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France

    Jean-Michel Mérillon

  2. Department of Botany, University College of Science, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

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Passon, M. (2019). Dietary Phenolic Compounds in Biological Samples: Current Challenges in Analytical Chemistry. In: Mérillon, JM., Ramawat, K.G. (eds) Bioactive Molecules in Food. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78030-6_19

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