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How Perturbation Strength Shapes the Global Structure of TSP Fitness Landscapes

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Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization (EvoCOP 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 10782))

Abstract

Local optima networks are a valuable tool used to analyse and visualise the global structure of combinatorial search spaces; in particular, the existence and distribution of multiple funnels in the landscape. We extract and analyse the networks induced by Chained-LK, a powerful iterated local search for the TSP, on a large set of randomly generated (Uniform and Clustered) instances. Results indicate that increasing the perturbation strength employed by Chained-LK modifies the landscape’s global structure, with the effect being markedly different for the two classes of instances. Our quantitative analysis shows that several funnel metrics have stronger correlations with Chained-LK success rate than the number of local optima, indicating that global structure clearly impacts search performance.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    dimacs.rutgers.edu/Challenges/TSP/download.html.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Leverhulme Trust [award number RPG-2015-395] and by the UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [grant number EP/J017515/1]. Results were obtained using the EPSRC-funded ARCHIE-WeSt High Performance Computer (www.archie-west.ac.uk, EPSRC grant EP/K000586/1).

Data Access. All data generated for this research are openly available from the Stirling Online Repository for Research Data (http://hdl.handle.net/11667/104).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computing Science and Mathematics, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK

    Paul McMenemy, Nadarajen Veerapen & Gabriela Ochoa

Authors
  1. Paul McMenemy
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  2. Nadarajen Veerapen
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  3. Gabriela Ochoa
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Correspondence to Paul McMenemy .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Lille, Lille, France

    Arnaud Liefooghe

  2. University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Manuel López-Ibáñez

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McMenemy, P., Veerapen, N., Ochoa, G. (2018). How Perturbation Strength Shapes the Global Structure of TSP Fitness Landscapes. In: Liefooghe, A., López-Ibáñez, M. (eds) Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization. EvoCOP 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10782. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77449-7_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77449-7_3

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