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Head and Neck Manifestations of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

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Temporomandibular Joint and Airway Disorders

Abstract

Many people suffering from temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) suffer from local to distant, acute or chronic pains. This is common with people suffering from craniofacial pain, accompanied by painful and non-painful symptoms, also affecting facial muscles, cervical muscles, and the muscles of the middle ear and eyes. There are multiple anatomical and neurological possibilities, which start from the articular dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) that can generate many conditions.

TMD and jaw dysfunction encompass a wide range of craniofacial conditions involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, and the associated structures. The most common signs and symptoms of TMD are sensitivity in the muscles of the head and neck, shoulder pain or stiffness, pain in one or both joints, limited mouth opening, limited movements of the mandible, joint sounds (clicking and crackling), facial deformity, and headache. Deviation or deflection of the jaw on opening and/or closing is another factor of TMD symptoms that is not discussed much but gives great information to the clinician. Ringing in the ears, the sensation of ear fullness, earache, sensation of hypoacusis (diminished hearing), and dizziness may also be present. There are short neurons in the tegmentum, connecting the various trigeminal sensory nuclei with motor nuclei of the brainstem, including the ocular motor nuclei; the motor nuclei of the trigeminal nerve; the facial, glossopharyngeal, vagal, and hypoglossal nuclei; and the vestibular nuclei.

The goal of this chapter is to provide/explain the relationship of TMD to the common TMJ symptoms.

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Abbreviations

ACR:

American College of Rheumatology

CNS:

Central nervous system

FMS:

Fibromyalgia syndrome

ID:

Internal derangement

NIH:

National Institutes of Health

OM:

Otitis media

PGIC:

Patient’s global impression of change

PSQI:

Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Questionnaire Index

SB:

Sleep-related bruxism

SSS:

Symptom severity scale

TCC:

Trigeminocervical complex

TMD:

Temporomandibular joint disorder

TMJ:

Temporomandibular joint

TTH:

Tension-type headache

VAS:

Visual analogue scale

WPI:

Widespread pain index

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for TMJ & Sleep Therapy, 175 N. Pennsylvania Ave. #4, Glendora, 91741, CA, USA

    G. Gary Demerjian

  2. Maryland Center for Craniofacial, TMJ and Dental Sleep Disorders, Columbia, MD, USA

    Anthony B. Sims

  3. Craniofacial Pain and Dental Sleep Center of Georgia, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Mayoor Patel

  4. Center for TMJ and Sleep Disorders, Reading, PA, USA

    Tammy Lee Balatgek

  5. Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Eliseo B. Sabal Jr.

Authors
  1. G. Gary Demerjian
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  2. Anthony B. Sims
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  3. Mayoor Patel
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  4. Tammy Lee Balatgek
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  5. Eliseo B. Sabal Jr.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. Gary Demerjian .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for TMJ & Sleep Therapy, Glendora, CA, USA

    G. Gary Demerjian

  2. Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    André Barkhordarian

  3. CHS 63-090, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Francesco Chiappelli

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Demerjian, G.G., Sims, A.B., Patel, M., Balatgek, T.L., Sabal, E.B. (2018). Head and Neck Manifestations of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. In: Demerjian, G., Barkhordarian, A., Chiappelli, F. (eds) Temporomandibular Joint and Airway Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76367-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76367-5_5

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-76365-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-76367-5

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