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Laser-Tissue Interactions

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Lasers in Dermatology and Medicine

Abstract

The best gauge of laser interactions is the tissue response, and experiment is the most realistic manner to address medical treatment challenges. However, theoretical models are helpful in planning treatment approaches and laser parameters. In this chapter we discuss basics of lasers, their non laser counterparts, and laser-tissue interactions.

Many physicians choose laser settings out of habit (or reading it off of a label attached to the side of the machine—a “cheat” sheet with skin-type specific parameters), using tissue endpoints to confirm the appropriateness of the parameters. For example, when treating a tattoo with a Q-switched laser, the operator looks for immediate frosty whitening. Like driving a car (where the operator may have no idea about nature of the drive train components), successful laser operation does not demand a complete understanding of the machine or the details of the light-tissue interaction. However, a comprehension of first principles allows for a logical analysis of final clinical outcomes—furthermore, more creative uses of equipment should follow. For example, with an education in laser tissue interactions (LTIs) and tissue cooling, one can deploy the alexandrite (long pulse) laser either as a hair removal device, vascular laser, or to remove lentigines.

The reader should note that although the title of this chapter is “Laser Tissue Interactions”, the introduction of many new and diverse technologies make the term somewhat obsolete. We will continue to use the term, but a more appropriate term is “energy–tissue interactions.” As both radiofrequency and ultrasound are increasingly applied in medicine. We will use both terms interchangeably in the remainder of the text.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Skin and Vein Institute, Encinitas, CA, USA

    Amanda Abramson Lloyd

  2. Southwest Skin Cancer and Vein Clinic, Austin, TX, USA

    Michael S. Graves

  3. Laser and Cosmetic Dermatology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA

    Edward Victor Ross

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  1. Amanda Abramson Lloyd
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  2. Michael S. Graves
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  3. Edward Victor Ross
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Correspondence to Edward Victor Ross .

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  1. Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA

    Keyvan Nouri

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Lloyd, A.A., Graves, M.S., Ross, E.V. (2018). Laser-Tissue Interactions. In: Nouri, K. (eds) Lasers in Dermatology and Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76118-3_1

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