Skip to main content

Recent Successes with a Meta-Logical Approach to Universal Logical Reasoning (Extended Abstract)

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Formal Methods: Foundations and Applications (SBMF 2017)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 10623))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The quest for a most general framework supporting universal reasoning is very prominently represented in the works of Leibniz. He envisioned a scientia generalis founded on a characteristica universalis, that is, a most universal formal language in which all knowledge about the world and the sciences can be encoded. A quick study of the survey literature on logical formalisms suggests that quite the opposite to Leibniz’ dream has become reality. Instead of a characteristica universalis, we are today facing a very rich and heterogenous zoo of different logical systems, and instead of converging towards a single superior logic, this logic zoo is further expanding, eventually even at accelerated pace. As a consequence, the unified vision of Leibniz seems farther away than ever before. However, there are also some promising initiatives to counteract these diverging developments. Attempts at unifying approaches to logic include categorial logic algebraic logic and coalgebraic logic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Bentert, M., Benzmüller, C., Streit, D., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: Analysis of an ontological proof proposed by Leibniz. In: Tandy, C. (ed.) Death and Anti-Death. Four Decades after Michael Polanyi, Three Centuries after G.W. Leibniz, vol. 14. Ria University Press (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Benzmüller, C.: Automating access control logics in simple type theory with LEO-II. In: Gritzalis, D., Lopez, J. (eds.) SEC 2009. IAICT, vol. 297, pp. 387–398. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01244-0_34

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Benzmüller, C.: Combining and automating classical and non-classical logics in classical higher-order logic. Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. (Special Issue Computational logics in Multi-agent Systems (CLIMA XI)) 62(1–2), 103–128 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Benzmüller, C.: Automating quantified conditional logics in HOL. In: Rossi, F. (ed.) IJCAI 2013, pp. 746–753. AAAI Press (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Benzmüller, C.: Cut-elimination for quantified conditional logic. J. Philos. Logic 46(3), 333–353 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Benzmüller, C., Miller, D.: Automation of higher-order logic. In: Gabbay, D.M., Siekmann, J.H., Woods, J. (eds.) Handbook of the History of Logic. Computational Logic, vol. 9, pp. 215–254. North Holland, Elsevier (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Benzmüller, C., Paulson, L.: Multimodal and intuitionistic logics in simple type theory. Logic J. IGPL 18(6), 881–892 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Benzmüller, C., Paulson, L.: Quantified multimodal logics in simple type theory. Logica Univ. (Special Issue on Multimodal Logics) 7(1), 7–20 (2013)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Benzmüller, C., Paulson, L.C., Sultana, N., Theiß, F.: The higher-order prover LEO-II. J. Autom. Reasoning 55(4), 389–404 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Benzmüller, C., Scott, D.: Automating Free Logic in Isabelle/HOL. In: Greuel, G.-M., Koch, T., Paule, P., Sommese, A. (eds.) ICMS 2016. LNCS, vol. 9725, pp. 43–50. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42432-3_6

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Benzmüller, C., Scott, D.S.: Axiomatizing category theory in free logic (2016). arXiv, http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.01493

  12. Benzmüller, C., Weber, L., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: Computer-assisted analysis of the Anderson-Hájek controversy. Logica Univ. 11(1), 139–151 (2017)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Benzmüller, C., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: Gödel’s God in Isabelle/HOL. Archive of Formal Proofs (2013). (Formally verified)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Benzmüller, C., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: Automating Gödel’s ontological proof of God’s existence with higher-order automated theorem provers. In: Schaub, T., Friedrich, G., O’Sullivan, B. (eds.) ECAI 2014. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, vol. 263, pp. 93–98. IOS Press (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Benzmüller, C., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: Interacting with modal logics in the coq proof assistant. In: Beklemishev, L.D., Musatov, D.V. (eds.) CSR 2015. LNCS, vol. 9139, pp. 398–411. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20297-6_25

    Google Scholar 

  16. Benzmüller, C., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: The inconsistency in Gödel’s ontological argument: a success story for AI in metaphysics. In: Kambhampati, S. (ed.) IJCAI 2016. vol. 1–3, pp. 936–942. AAAI Press (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Benzmüller, C., Paleo, B.W.: The ontological modal collapse as a collapse of the square of opposition. In: Béziau, J.-Y., Basti, G. (eds.) The Square of Opposition: A Cornerstone of Thought. SUL, pp. 307–313. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45062-9_18

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Benzmüller, C., Woltzenlogel Paleo, B.: Experiments in Computational Metaphysics: Gödel’s proof of God’s existence. Savijnanam: scientific exploration for a spiritual paradigm. J. Bhaktivedanta Inst. 9, 43–57 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bertot, Y., Casteran, P.: Interactive Theorem Proving and Program Development. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Boolos, G.: The Logic of Provability. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Church, A.: A formulation of the simple theory of types. J. Symbolic Logic 5, 56–68 (1940)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Fitting, M.: Types, Tableaus, and Gödel’s God. Kluwer, Amsterdam (2002)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Freyd, P.J., Scedrov, A.: Categories. North Holland, Allegories (1990)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Fuenmayor, D., Benzmüller, C.: Automating emendations of the ontological argument in intensional higher-order modal logic. In: Kern-Isberner, G., Fürnkranz, J., Thimm, M. (eds.) KI 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10505, pp. 114–127. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67190-1_9

    Google Scholar 

  25. Gödel, K.: Appx. A: Notes in Kurt Gödel’s Hand. In: Sobel [33], pp. 144–145 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kirchner, D.: Representation and partial automation of the principia logico-metaphysica in Isabelle/HOL. Archive of Formal Proofs (2017). formally verified with Isabelle/HOL

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lachnitt, H.: Systematic verification of the intuitionistic modal logic cube in isabelle/hol. Bachelor Thesis at the Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Informatik (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Lambert, K.: Free Logic. Selected Essays. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2012)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Nipkow, T., Wenzel, M., Paulson, L.C. (eds.): Isabelle/HOL. LNCS, vol. 2283. Springer, Heidelberg (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45949-9

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Oppenheimer, P.E., Zalta, E.N.: Relations versus functions at the foundations of logic: type-theoretic considerations. J. Log. Comput. 21(2), 351–374 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Scott, D.: Appx. B: Notes in Dana Scott’s Hand. In: Sobel [33], pp. 145–146 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Scott, D.: Existence and description in formal logic. In: Schoenman, R. (ed.) Bertrand Russell: Philosopher of the Century, pp. 181–200. George Allen & Unwin, London (1967). (Reprinted with additions. In: Philosophical Application of Free Logic, edited by K. Lambert. Oxford Universitry Press, 1991, pp. 28–48)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Sobel, J.: Logic and Theism. Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Steen, A., Benzmüller, C.: Sweet SIXTEEN: automation via embedding into classical higher-order logic. Logic Logical Philos. 25, 535–554 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Steen, A., Wisniewski, M., Benzmüller, C.: Tutorial on reasoning in expressive non-classical logics with Isabelle/HOL. In: Benzüller, C., Rojas, R., Sutcliffe, G. (eds.) GCAI 2016. EPiC Series in Computing, vol. 41, pp. 1–10. EasyChair (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Wisniewski, M., Steen, A., Benzmüller, C.: Einsatz von Theorembeweisern in der Lehre. In: Schwill, A., Lucke, U. (eds.) Hochschuldidaktik der Informatik: 7. Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Informatik und Ausbildung/Didaktik der Informatik. Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID), Universitätsverlag Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Zalta, E.N.: Principia logico-metaphysica (2016). draft version, preprint https://mally.stanford.edu/principia.pdf

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christoph Benzmüller .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Benzmüller, C. (2017). Recent Successes with a Meta-Logical Approach to Universal Logical Reasoning (Extended Abstract). In: Cavalheiro, S., Fiadeiro, J. (eds) Formal Methods: Foundations and Applications. SBMF 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10623. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70848-5_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70848-5_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-70847-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-70848-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics