Abstract
More than 20 years ago, Robert Kaplan painted a picture of a descending anarchy threatening to engulf parts of West Africa with global consequences. Ethnic, tribal and identity grievances reinforced by environmental disaster , economic despair and the collapse of states served to reinforce such kinds of predictions that the future was bleak.
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Further Reading
Derek S. Reveron and Kathleen A. Mahoney-Norris. Human Security in a Borderless World, Westview Press, 2011.
Mary Kaldor. Human Security, Polity Press, 2007.
Roland Paris. “Human Security: Paradigm Shift or Hot Air?”. International Security 26, no. 1 (2001).
Sabina Alkire. A Conceptual Framework for Human Security. Working Paper 2, Center for Research on Inequality, Human Security and Ethnicity (CRISE, University of Oxford), 2003.
Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh and Anuradha M. Chenoy. Human Security: Concepts and Implications (Routledge Advances in International Relations and Global Politics), Routledge, 2007.
Shiro Okubo and Louise Shelley (Eds.). Human Security, Transnational Crime and Human Trafficking: Asian and Western Perspectives, Routledge, 2011.
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Christie, K. (2018). Introduction: Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Twenty-First Century. In: Boulby, M., Christie, K. (eds) Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Mediterranean and MENA. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70775-4_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70775-4_1
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