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Biological Bases of Cardiac Function and the Pro-regenerative Potential of Stem Cells in the Treatment of Myocardial Disorder

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Cardiac Cell Culture Technologies

Abstract

The heart is one of the most important organs and performs a principal task in the organism providing a blood through the vascular bed. Since cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are known to be a main cause of mortality in humans, there is a huge interest in development of novel therapies for myocardial dysfunction. There is number of proposed approaches; however, a big hope has been placed in stem cell therapies. The best possible candidates among stem cells for cellular therapies of the heart are mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), cardiac cell progenitors (CPC), embryonic stem cells (ESC), and generations of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). iPSCs are potentially helpful, despite their pluripotent induction, low propagation ability, oncogenomic instability, teratoma generation, etc. Adaptation of protocols are further required to improve stem cells resistance to pathological environment, e.g., hypoxic conditions in postinfarcted heart and to enhance their retention. Cooperation between stem cell therapy and gene transfer is presently more often tried in preclinical studies with promising view for prospective clinical trials. Supplementary substances (mostly anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic factors) have been considered to maintain stem cell viability which has been examined at in vivo animal models with optimistic results. Combination of all therapies with nanotechnology both for effective stem cell visualization as well as ensuring cell resistance to apoptosis (supported with scaffolds ) appear to be necessary for next generation protocols of stem cell interventions. The whole organ (heart) reconstruction attempts have also been described. In this section, we will summarize recent advances in therapy of the heart and methods that could be used to enhance its efficacy in clinical application.

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Acknowledgements

We should like to acknowledge a financial support from the following projects: National Centre for Research and Development, Poland; grant no. STRATEGMED1/233624/5/NCBR/2014, grant no. PBS3/A7/27/2015; National Science Centre, Poland; grant no. 2014/13/B/NZ3/04646.

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  1. Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Science, Strzeszynska 32, Poznan, 60-479, Poland

    Karolina Anna Bednarowicz & Maciej Kurpisz

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  1. Karolina Anna Bednarowicz
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  2. Maciej Kurpisz
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Correspondence to Maciej Kurpisz .

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  1. The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

    Zbigniew Brzozka

  2. The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

    Elzbieta Jastrzebska

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Bednarowicz, K.A., Kurpisz, M. (2018). Biological Bases of Cardiac Function and the Pro-regenerative Potential of Stem Cells in the Treatment of Myocardial Disorder. In: Brzozka, Z., Jastrzebska, E. (eds) Cardiac Cell Culture Technologies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70685-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70685-6_5

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