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Cancers of the Endocrine System

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Cancer Genetics and Psychotherapy

Abstract

Endocrine cancers: Endocrine cancers are an important category of cancers. The frequencies of different types of endocrine cancers vary greatly. While thyroid cancer subtypes constitute approximately 1% of new cancer cases in the United States each year, prostate cancer assumes a top rank after cutaneous cancers; one in six white men and one in five African-American men are diagnosed with prostate cancer. This chapter reviews the updates on different aspects of endocrine cancers including pathophysiology, classification, genetics, genotype-phenotype correlations, screening, surveillance, genetic counseling, testing strategies, management and individualized medicine of Type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1), Type 2 multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN2), different types of thyroid cancer, and prostate cancer. Thyroid cancer: This section describes the thyroid cancer. A general pathophysiology and classification will be detailed on solitary thyroid nodule, papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, Hürthle cell carcinomas, medullary thyroid carcinoma and Anaplastic carcinoma as well as “other” thyroid carcinomas. Genetics, genotype-phenotype correlations, screening and surveillance, genetic counseling and testing strategies and management and individualized medicine are discussed separately for each cancer type.

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Abbreviations

ATA:

The American Thyroid Association

ATC:

Anaplastic thyroid cancer

CT:

Computerized tomography

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DRE:

Digital rectal examination

DTC:

Differentiated thyroid cancer

FAP:

Familial adenomatous polyposis

FMTC:

Familial medullary thyroid cancer

FNA:

Fine-needle aspiration

HCC:

Hürthle cell carcinoma

MAPK:

Mitogen activated protein kinase

MEN:

Multiple endocrine neoplasias

MIFC:

Minimally invasive follicular cancer

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MTC:

Medullary thyroid cancer

NCCN:

National Comprehensive Cancer Network

NGS:

Next-generation sequencing

PHEO:

Pheochromocytoma

PHPT:

Primary hyperparathyroidism

PTC:

Papillary thyroid cancer

PTH:

Parathyroid hormone

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

TGCA:

The Cancer Genome Atlas

TK:

Tyrosine kinase

TKI:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

TM:

Transmembrane domain

TSH:

Thyroid stimulating hormone

VEGFR:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

WIFC:

Widely invasive follicular cancer

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar

  2. Department of Immunology, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran

    Abbas Moridnia

  3. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Laleh Shariati

Authors
  1. Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
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  2. Abbas Moridnia
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  3. Laleh Shariati
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Parvin Mehdipour

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Tabatabaiefar, M.A., Moridnia, A., Shariati, L. (2017). Cancers of the Endocrine System. In: Mehdipour, P. (eds) Cancer Genetics and Psychotherapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64550-6_10

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