Abstract
Research, as well as fieldwork observation, has long established the multiple intersections between gender and conflicts. How masculinities and femininities are constructed in times of conflict and war, how gender and ethnicity are used in narratives and political discourses, how gender roles, militarism and war are tightly interrelated, and more generally how conflict impacts differently on women and on men, or how the meanings of conflict and security might diverge for women and men.
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Notes
- 1.
The Security Council Resolution 1325 was adopted unanimously on 31 October 2000. It addresses the impact of war on women, as well as the role women should and do play in conflict management, conflict resolution, and peace building.
- 2.
This is not to say, of course, that sexual violence does not happen in peacetime as well, but that it has been shown to be used as a tactic of subjugation and ethnic cleansing by some conflict actors.
- 3.
http://www.unifem.org/gender_issues/women_war_peace/facts_figures.html? Checked on 30 July 2013.
- 4.
UN Report of the Secretary-General on women and peace and security, 23 September 2014: http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2014/693 (Accessed March 23, 2015).
- 5.
Quoted by Catherine Mabobori, one of the women’s representatives during the negotiations over the conflict in Burundi, Seminar held at the Université Lumière de Bujumbura, Burundi, 28 April 2012.
- 6.
- 7.
Quoted by Catherine Mabobori, Seminar held at the Université Lumière de Bujumbura, Burundi, 28 April 2012.
- 8.
http://www.un.org/wcm/content/site/undpa/main/issues/sexual_violence (Accessed 23 March 2015).
- 9.
Catherine Mabobori, Seminar held at the Université Lumière de Bujumbura, Burundi, 28 April 2012.
- 10.
This “corridor lobbying” has been successfully used in many other settings, such as in Liberia, as described by Anderlini: “The Liberians perfected the art of “corridor lobbying”, literally waiting in corridors talking to negotiators as they entered and exited the room during breaks in the 1994 Accra conference” (Anderlini 2007: 63).
- 11.
Quoted by Catherine Mabobori, Seminar held at the Université Lumière de Bujumbura, Burundi, 28 April 2012. Interestingly, this comment generated such an uproar that the man who had made it had to apologize a while later.
- 12.
First with the Peace People of Mairéad Corrigan and Betty Williams, who were granted the Nobel Peace Prize in 1976, and then with the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition that took part in the negotiations that led to the 1998 Peace Agreements.
- 13.
Personal correspondence with various women who have participated in peace negotiations in Burundi and in DRC.
- 14.
Catherine Mabobori has for instance been targeted by a defamatory campaign, during which leaflets attacking her morality were distributed in her neighbourhood, and even in her own mailbox (Catherine Mabobori, Seminar held at the Université Lumière de Bujumbura, Burundi, 28 April 2012).
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Féron, É. (2017). Gender and Peace Negotiations: Why Gendering Peace Negotiations Multiplies Opportunities for Reconciliation. In: Rosoux, V., Anstey, M. (eds) Negotiating Reconciliation in Peacemaking. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62674-1_6
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