Abstract
Algeria is one of the countries of the Mediterranean basin that faces different problems related to water scarcity, deserted hydric resources, management of natural resources, and climate change as the rate of precipitation is very unstable. Water desalination is practically the unique solution for the Mediterranean countries and Middle East and North Africa region to deal with the growing water scarcity. The climate of Algeria is known for its diversity and interannual rainfall variability. However, different programs were launched and efforts are being made to find an alternative solution. Brackish and seawater desalination can provide an inexhaustible source of freshwater in coastal and semiarid areas. In Algeria, desalination plants operate using nonrenewable energy sources which require a large share of generated electricity. Desalination techniques based on membrane separation have seen a big development. They seem to be very powerful tools for the treatment and recycling of fluids for the goal of “zero waste.” This process is used for removing salt and other effluent materials from water molecules.
The present work reveals the different seawater desalination facilities and demineralization plants implanted in Algeria and the major technical problems they encounter when they are operational. Reverse osmosis desalination technology is suitable in Algeria in terms of market share where membrane separation allows to couple water treatment and valorization.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdallah, S., Abu-Hilal, M., Mohsen, M.S.: Performance of a photovoltaic powered reverse osmosis system under local climatic conditions. Desalination. 183, 95–104 (2005)
Algérienne des eaux. http://www.ade.dz/index.php/projets/dessalement
Al-Karaghouli, A., Renne, D., Kazmerski, L.L.: Solar and wind opportunities for water desalination in the Arab regions. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 13(9), 2397–2407 (2009)
Badreddin, E., Gambier, A., Aboul-Fotouh, F.: Laboratory set-up for education and research on automation of reverse osmosis plants employing a sustainable energy source. Desalination. 166, 307–314 (2004)
Bourouni, K., Ben M’Barek, T., Al Taee, A.: Design and optimization of desalination reverse osmosis plants driven by renewable energies using genetic algorithms. Renew. Energy. 36, 936e950 (2011)
Clarke, D.P., Al-Abdeli, Y.M., Kothapalli, G.: The effects of including intricacies in the modelling of a small-scale solar-PV reverse osmosis desalination system. Desalination. 311, 127–136 (2013)
El-Nashar, A.M., Al Gobaisi, D., Makkawi, B.: Solar energy for desalination in the Arab world. Proceedings of Ises Solar World Congress 2007: Solar Energy and Human Settlement, Vols I–V, p. 213–221 (2007)
Eltawil, M.A., Zhengming, Z., Yuan, L.Q.: A review of renewable energy technologies integrated with desalination systems. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 13(9), 2245–2262 (2009)
Fritzmann, C., Löwenberg, J., Wintgens, T., Melin, T.: State-of-the-art of reverse osmosis desalination. Desalination. 216, 1–76 (2007)
Greenlee, L.F., Lawler, D.F., Freeman, B.D., Marrot, B., Moulin, P.: Reverse osmosis desalination: water sources, technology, and today's challenges. Water Res. 43, 2317–2348 (2009)
Hanafi, A.: Desalination using renewable energy sources. Desalination. 97, 339–352 (1994)
Herold, D., Horstmann, V., Neskakis, A., Plettner-Marliani, J., Piernavieia, G., Calero, R.: Small scale photovoltaic desalination for rural water supply demonstration plant in Gran Canaria. Renew. Energy. 14(1–4), 293–298 (1998)
Ibarra, M., Rovira, A., Alarcón-Padilla, D.C., Zaragoza, G., Blanco, J.: Performance of a 5 kWe solar-only organic Rankine unit coupled to a reverse osmosis plant. Energy Procedia. 49, 2251–2260 (2014)
Joyce, A., Loureiro, D.: Carlos Rodrigues & Susana Castrob :small reverse osmosis units using PV systems for water purification in rural places. Desalination. 137, 39–44 (2001)
Keefer, B.G., Hembree, R.D., Scharach, F.C.: Desalination. 54, 89–103 (1985)
Kehal, A.: Reverse osmosis unit of 0.85 m3/h capacity driven by photovoltaic generator in South Algeria. Proceedings of the New Technologies for the Use of Renewable Energies Sources in Water Desalination Conference, Session II, Athens, p. 8e16 (1991)
Kehal, S.: Retrospectives and perspectives of desalination in Algeria. Desalination. 152(1–3), 113–124 (2003)
MacHarg, J., Truby, R.: West coast researchers seek to demonstrate SWRO affordability. Desalin. Water Reuse Q. 14(3), 1–18 (2004)
Maurel, A.: Desalination by reverse osmosis using renewable energies (SolarWind). In: Proceedings of the New Technologies for the Use of Renewable Energies Sources in Water Desalination Conference, Session II, Athens, p. 17e26 (1991)
Mohamed, E.S., et al.: A direct coupled photovoltaic seawater reverse osmosis desalination system toward battery based systems - a technical and economical experimental comparative study. Desalination. 221(1–3), 17–22 (2008)
Problématique du secteur de l’eau et impacts liés au climat en Algérie. 07 Mars 2009. Algerie, Rapport, national,eau,adaptation.pdf
Quteishat, K., Abu-Arabi, M.: Promotion of solar desalination in the MENA region. Middle East Desalination Centre, Muscat. http://www.menarec.com/ docs/Abu-Arabi.pdf. Accessed 28 March 2006
Recuperation D’energie Dans Le Dessalement D’eau Mer Par Osmose Inverse. Journée Mondiale de l’Eau 19 Mars 2014. http://www.cuniv-ntemouchent.dz/files/eau42014.pdf
Remini, B.: La Problematique De L’eau En Algerie Du Nord: Larhyss Journal, ISSN 1112–3680, n° 08, Juin, pp. 27–46 2010
Rodriguez-Girones, M., Rodriguez, M., Pérez, J., Veza, J.: Proceedings of the Medical Conference on Ren. Energy Sources for Water Production, Santorini, June, p. 173–179 1996
Saadi, A., Kehal, S.: Retrospectives and potential use of saline water desalination in Algeria. Desalination. 152, 51–56 (2002)
Schafer, A.I., Broeckmann, A., Richards, B.S.: Renewable energy powered membrane technology. 1. Development and characterization of a photovoltaic hybrid membrane system. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41(3), 998–1003 (2007)
Services de l’eau en Algerie Faire du droit à l’eau une réalité pour tous communication à la consultation des acteurs étatiques sur les bonnes pratiques dans les domaines de l’eau et de l’assainissement Genève janvier 2011 : State Actors /AlgeriaCOMHCDHGeneva.pdf.
Youssefa, P.G., Al-Dadaha, R.K., Mahmouda, S.M.: Comparative analysis of desalination technologies. Energy Procedia. 61, 2604–2607 (2014.) The 6th International Conference on Applied Energy – ICAE2014.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tigrine, Z. et al. (2018). Membrane Desalination Technology in Algeria: Reverse Osmosis for Coastal Areas. In: Aloui, F., Dincer, I. (eds) Exergy for A Better Environment and Improved Sustainability 2. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62575-1_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62575-1_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62574-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62575-1
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)