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Some Basic Methods in Respiratory Physiology Studies Applied in the Siberian Sturgeon

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The Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) Volume 1 - Biology

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Abstract

Numerous studies have shown that extracellular acid-base status in fish is greatly sensitive to small variations of temperature, PCO2, and bicarbonate system in water. Whereas control of temperature and oxygenation of the environmental water is a usual practice in physiological studies on fish and even though water is directly in contact with the gills, the main site of acid-base and ionic regulations, the environmental acid-base status (pH, alkalinity, PCO2) has rarely been paid much attention.

The purpose of this chapter is to recall and to describe a methodological approach to manage the water acid-base system which must be perfectly controlled to study numerous physiological regulation mechanisms in fishes.

Moreover, a particular attention was dedicated to different methods used to determine the extracellular acid-base balance in fish. At present, the use of automatic clinical blood analyzers allows to obtain either blood PO2, PCO2, and pH simultaneously or the total CO2 in plasma if using a CO2 analyzer. But the use of these devices remains problematic at a temperature lower than 37 °C. The aim of this review is also to recall that the best results are obtained using the Astrup interpolation method (1956) which was applied in the Siberian sturgeon research, respectively, by Salin (La toxicité de l’ammoniaque chez l’esturgeon sibérien, Acipenser baerii: effets morphologiques, physiologiques, métaboliques d’une exposition à des doses sblétales et létales. Thèse No 749, Université Bordeaux I, p 134, 1992), Nonnotte et al. (Respir Physiol 91:71–82, 1993), and Maxime et al. (Respir Physiol 100:203–212, 1995).

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Abbreviations

a H :

Ions H+ activity

αCO2 :

Carbon dioxide solubility

αO2 :

Oxygen solubility

ß:

Buffer value of the blood = ΔHCO3−]/ΔpH

C a :

Concentration of the added strong acid

CO3 −− :

Carbonate ion

γ H :

Ions H+ activity coefficient

H2CO3 :

Carbonic acid

HCO3 − :

Bicarbonate ion

K i :

Equilibrium constant

N a :

Acid normality (0.1 N)

PCO2 :

Carbon dioxide partial pressure in kPa

pH:

−log a H or a H = 10−pH

PO2 :

Oxygen partial pressure in kPa

PwO2 :

Oxygen partial pressure in water in kPa

pHb :

Blood pH

PwCO2 :

Carbon dioxide partial pressure in water in kPa

t :

Temperature in °C

TA:

Alkalinity in mEq L−1

V a :

Added acid volume in μL

V eq :

Acid volume added at the equivalent point

V 0 :

Water sample volume in mL or μL

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Acknowledgments

We wish to gratefully acknowledge the efficient help of Dr. Nonnotte Philippe, Research Engineer Geochemistry/TI-MS at the Geosciences Department of the Brest University (France), IUEM, UMR 6538, and to Christophe Nonnotte (S/A Flight Tests Aircraft Manager BSEMD) Airbus Industry, Toulouse (France), in drawing the figures.

Notes of the Authors

Respiration is the process by which animals take in oxygen necessary for cellular metabolism and release carbon dioxide that accumulates in their body as a result of the expenditure of energy. Techniques used for measuring oxygen consumption were described in Chaps. 18 and 52. This chapter concerns carbon dioxide release and acid-base status for the sturgeon Acipenser baerii only.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 12 rue Marcel Pagnol, F-33260, La Teste de Buch, France

    Guy Nonnotte & Liliane Nonnotte

  2. 4 rue du Pas de Madame, F-33980, Audenge, France

    Patrick Williot

  3. Laboratoire ORPHY EA4324, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 Avenue le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France

    Karine Pichavant-Rafini

  4. Département Communication, Anglais, Sciences Humaines, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 Avenue le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France

    Michel Rafini

Authors
  1. Guy Nonnotte
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  2. Patrick Williot
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  5. Liliane Nonnotte
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guy Nonnotte .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Audenge, France

    Patrick Williot

  2. La Teste de Buch, France

    Guy Nonnotte

  3. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República Oriental del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Denise Vizziano-Cantonnet

  4. Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Territory, Russia

    Mikhail Chebanov

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Nonnotte, G., Williot, P., Pichavant-Rafini, K., Rafini, M., Nonnotte, L. (2018). Some Basic Methods in Respiratory Physiology Studies Applied in the Siberian Sturgeon. In: Williot, P., Nonnotte, G., Vizziano-Cantonnet, D., Chebanov, M. (eds) The Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) Volume 1 - Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61664-3_25

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