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Bone Grafting and Spinal Fusion Options

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Essentials of Spinal Stabilization

Abstract

Bone grafting materials are the core element of spine fusion, providing the environment for solid bone formation between two vertebrae. Ideal bone graft is osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic. All grafting materials can be divided into three main groups: autologous, allograft, and graft substitutes (extenders, enhancers, or substitutes). Autogenous iliac crest bone graft is the only graft that possesses all components needed for bone formation. However, autogenous bone grafts are often limited in quantity and its harvest is associated with complications. Allograft bone is obtained from cadaver tissues and has osteoconductive and minimal osteoinductive properties. It comes in various shapes and forms with the main disadvantages being mechanical properties and potential for disease transmission. Bone substitutes include demineralized bone matrix (DBM), ceramics, osteoinductive proteins, autologous platelet concentrate, and bone marrow aspirates. The right choice of bone strongly depends on the patient’s risk factors, type of fusion, and number of levels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    Zorica Buser PhD, Andre Jakoi MD & Jeffrey C. Wang MD

  2. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Bhavesh Katbamna BS

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannibal Regional Hospital, Hannibal, MO, USA

    Rahul Basho MD

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  1. Zorica Buser PhD
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  2. Andre Jakoi MD
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  3. Bhavesh Katbamna BS
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  5. Jeffrey C. Wang MD
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Correspondence to Zorica Buser PhD .

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  1. Department of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedics, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Langston T. Holly

  2. Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin UWMF, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    Paul A. Anderson

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Buser, Z., Jakoi, A., Katbamna, B., Basho, R., Wang, J.C. (2017). Bone Grafting and Spinal Fusion Options. In: Holly, L., Anderson, P. (eds) Essentials of Spinal Stabilization . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59713-3_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59713-3_34

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-59712-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59713-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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