Skip to main content

Integrated Assessment of Environmental Factors: Risks to Human Health

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Environmental Materials Management

Abstract

Air pollution can already be considered an environmental health problem because it transcends physical barriers. However, it is necessary to establish the limits on the human health effects, and these should be evaluated. In general, the effects of polluting gases on human health are closely associated with their solubility in the walls of the respiratory system. Among the factors that can influence the air quality are geographical location, topography, and local climatic conditions, mainly with respect to the constancy, intensity, and direction of the winds. Therefore, the choice of a reliable and accurate air quality method is important because its results can result in effective actions to control pollutants and take collective actions to keep their concentrations at acceptable levels for human and environmental health.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alves NO, Loureiro ALM, Dos Santos FC, Nascimento KH, Dallacort R, de Castro Vasconcellos P, de Souza Hacon S, Artaxo P, de Medeiros SR (2011) Genotoxicity and composition of particulate matter from biomass burning in the eastern Brazilian Amazon region. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 74:1427–1433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andre PAD, Veras MM, Miraglia SG, Saldiva PH (2012) Lean diesel technology and human health a case study in six Brazilian metropolitan regions. Clinics 67:639–646

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anoop SV, Shah JPL, Harish N, David AM, Amanda LH, Ken D, David EN, Nicholas LM (2013) Global association of air pollution and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 382:1039–1048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arbex MA, Santos UP, Martins LC, Saldiva PHN, Pereira LAA, Braga ALF (2012) A poluição do ar e o sistema respiratório. J Bras Pneumol 38(5):643–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ares A, Fernández JÁ, Aboal JR, Carballeira A (2011) Study of the air quality in industrial areas of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain) by active biomonitoring with Pseudoscleropodium purum. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 74:533–541

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson R (2013) HRAPIE project recommendations for concentration-response functions for cost-benefit analysis of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen

    Google Scholar 

  • Braga A, Böhm, GM, Pereira, LAA, Saldiva PH (2001) Poluição atmosférica e saúde humana. Revista USP 51, pp. 58–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, Holguin F, Hong Y, Luepker RV, Mittleman MA, Peters A, Siscovick D, Smith SC Jr, Whitsel L, Kaufman JD (2010) Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: an update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 121(21):2331–2378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carreras HA, Segura MEC, Arroyo SG, Tovar MAM, Muñoz OA (2013) Composition and mutagenicity of PAHs associated with urban airborne particles in Córdoba, Argentina. Environ Pollut 178:403–410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso JP, Oliveira MND (2011) Tendência temporal das doenças respiratórias no município de Salvador. RBPS 24(12):31–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cançado JED, Braga A, Pereira LAA, Arbex MA, Saldiva PHN, Santos UP (2006) Repercussões clínicas da exposição à poluição atmosférica. J Bras Pneumol 32:S5–S11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen AJ, Anderson HR, Ostro B, Pandey KD, Krzyzanowski M, Kuenzli N, Gutschmidt K, Pope CA, Romieu I, Samet JM, Smith KR (2004) Mortality impacts of urban air pollution ibid. pp 1353–1434

    Google Scholar 

  • Crispim BA, Vaini JO, Grisolia AB, Teixeira TZ, Mussury RM, Seno LO (2012) Biomonitoring the genotoxic effects of pollutants on Tradescantia pallida (rose) D.R. Hunt in Dourados, Brazil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19:718–723

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • European Environment Agency (2013) The contribution of the transport sector to total emissions of the main air pollutants in 2009 (EEA-32). Retrieved July 6, 2016. http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/thecontribution-of-thetransport-

  • Fisher G (2007) Health and air pollution in New Zealand main report. Health Research Council of New Zealand, Auckland

    Google Scholar 

  • Freitas C, Bremner SA, Gouveia N, Pereira LAA, Saldiva PHN (2004) Internações e óbitos e sua relação com a poluição atmosférica em São Paulo, 1993 a 1997. Rev Saúde Pública 38(6):751–757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gehring U, Wijga AH, Brauer M, Fischer P, Jongste JC, Kerkhof M, Oldenwening M, Smit HA, Brunekreef B (2010) Traffic-related air pollution and the development of asthma and allergies during the first 8 years of life. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 181:596–603

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kiely G, Albertson JD, Parlance MB, Eichinger WE (1996) Convective scaling of the average dissipation rate of temperature variance in the atmospheric surface layer. Bound-Layer Meteorol 77:267–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim JJ, Smorodinsky S, Lipsett M, Singer BC, Hodgson AT, Ostro B (2004) Traffic-related air pollution near busy roads: the East Bay Children’s Respiratory Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170:520–526

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Künzli N, Künzli N, Perez L, Rapp R (2010) Air quality and health. European Respiratory Societ, Lausanne

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuriyama GS, Moreira JC, Silva CRS (1997) Exposição ocupacional do dióxido de nitrogênio (NO2) em policiais de trânsito na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Cad Saude Publica 13(4):677–683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee YL, Wang WH, Lu CW, Lin YH, Hwang BF (2011) Effects of ambient air pollution on pulmonary function among schoolchildren. Int J Hyg Envirn Health 214:369–375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Molle R, Sophie M, Evelyne G, Anda I (2013) Indoor-outdoor relationships of airborne particles and nitrogen dioxide inside Parisian buses. Atmos Environ 69:240–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Novaes P, Saldiva PHN, Kara-José N, Macchione M, Matsuda M, Racca L, Berra A (2007) Ambient levels of air pollution induce goblet-cell hyperplasia in human conjunctival epithelium. Environ Res 115(12):1753–1756

    Google Scholar 

  • Novaes P, Saldiva PH, Matsuda M, Macchione M, Rangel MP, Kara-José N, Berra A (2010) The effects of chronic exposure to traffic derived air pollution on the ocular surfasse. Environ Res 110:372–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira G, Cook A, De Vos AJ, Holman CD (2010) A case-crossover analysis of traffic-related air pollution and emergency department presentations for asthma in Perth, Western Australia. Med J Aust 193:511–514

    Google Scholar 

  • Pujades-Rodríguez M, Lewis S, McKeever T, Britton J, Venn A (2009) Effect of living close to a main road on asthma, allergy, lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Occup Environ Med 66:679–684

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roseiro MNV, Takayanagui AMM (2006) Morbidade por problemas respiratórios em Ribeirão Preto (SP) de 1995 a 2001, segundo indicadores ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Rev. Paul Pediatria 24(2):163–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Riley EA, Schaal L, Sasakura M, Crampton R, Gould TR, Hartin K, Sheppard L, Larson T, Simpson CD, Yost MG (2016) Correlations between short-term mobile monitoring and long-term passive samper measurements of traffic-related air pollution. Atmos Environ 132:229–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan R, Pryor S (2014) Quantifying spatiotemporal variability of fine particles in an urban environment using combined fixed and mobile measurements. Atmos Environ 89:664–671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan Z, Zhang Y (2003) An overview of particulate matters in indoor environments: sources and effects. ASHRAE Trans 109(2):89–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira EC, Feltes S, Santana ER (2008) Estudo das emissões de fontes móveis na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Quím Nova 31(2):244–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira EC, Mattiuzi CDP, Feltes S, Wiegand F, Santana ERR (2012) Estimated atmospheric emissions from biodiesel and characterization of pollutants in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre-RS. An Acad Bras Cienc 84:655–667

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide (2005) Global update 22 p

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO – World Health Organization. Ambienta ir pollution: a global assessment of exposure and burden of disease (2016) Disponivel em: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250141/1/9789241511353-eng.pdf?ua=1

  • Yang G, Yu MD, Wang MD, Yixin Z, George FG, Xiaofeng L, Maigeng Z, Xia W, Shicheng Y, Yuhong J, Mohsen N, Vos T, Haidong W, Lopez AD, Christopher JL, Murray MD (2013) Rapid health transition in China, 1990–2010: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010. Lancet 381:1987–2015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zanobetti A, Schwartz J, Dockery DW (2000) Airborne particles are a risk factor for hospital admissions for heart and lung disease. Environ Health Perspect 108:1071–1077

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

da Costa, G.M., da Rosa, M.d.S. (2018). Integrated Assessment of Environmental Factors: Risks to Human Health. In: Hussain, C. (eds) Handbook of Environmental Materials Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_152-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_152-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58538-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58538-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

Publish with us

Policies and ethics