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Action and Mechanisms of Action of the Chromogranin A Derived Peptide Pancreastatin

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Chromogranins: from Cell Biology to Physiology and Biomedicine

Part of the book series: UNIPA Springer Series ((USS))

Abstract

Pancreastatin (PST), is a biologically active peptide isolated from porcine pancreas in 1986. Soon after PST was found to be contained within the chromogranin A (CGA) sequence, and therefore distributed throughout the neuroendocrine and gastrointestinal systems. This finding started up the consideration of CGA as a source of different biologically active peptides, which were then identified.

Even though many metabolic effects, such as the modulation of secretion of different glands, as well as the general metabolism regulation, have been described, the definitive picture of the physiological role of PST has not yet been established. Nevertheless, the sum of these metabolic effects, forged the name of PST as a dysglycemic peptide, with conterregulatory effects on insulin action. Thus, elevated circulating levels of PST have been found in Type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and essential hypertension, suggesting that PST is a negative regulator of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. The mechanism of action whereby PST could modulate insulin action has been thoroughly studied in various cellular systems (rat liver cells and adipocytes), and G coupled protein nature of the receptor has been established. But, although the purification process is able to yield some amount of PST binding protein, the final characterization of such PST receptor have been elusive so far. On the other hand, a different kind of receptor for PST has been proposed, and it may be the surface chaperone GRP78. Therefore, PST could modulate the energy metabolism through different mechanisms, such as insulin signaling antagonism, and as a protein folding regulator.

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Acknowledgement

We acknowledge the financial support of the Consejería de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía, Spain (Proyecto de Excelencia 08-CTS-4329), funded in part by FEDER.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    N. E. Evtikhova, A. Pérez-Pérez, C. Jiménez-Cortegana, A. Carmona-Fernández, T. Vilariño-García & V. Sánchez-Margalet

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  1. N. E. Evtikhova
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  2. A. Pérez-Pérez
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  6. V. Sánchez-Margalet
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Correspondence to V. Sánchez-Margalet .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy

    Tommaso Angelone

  2. Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy

    Maria Carmela Cerra

  3. Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy

    Bruno Tota

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Evtikhova, N.E., Pérez-Pérez, A., Jiménez-Cortegana, C., Carmona-Fernández, A., Vilariño-García, T., Sánchez-Margalet, V. (2017). Action and Mechanisms of Action of the Chromogranin A Derived Peptide Pancreastatin. In: Angelone, T., Cerra, M., Tota, B. (eds) Chromogranins: from Cell Biology to Physiology and Biomedicine. UNIPA Springer Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58338-9_14

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