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Lipid Response to Amino Acid Starvation in Fat Cells: Role of FGF21

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Handbook of Famine, Starvation, and Nutrient Deprivation

Abstract

Adaptation to food shortage requires temporal homeostatic adaptive responses to a condition of energy deficiency. Mammals have developed a wide range of mechanisms to detect and respond to episodes of malnutrition and starvation, including the capacity to adjust fuel oxidation in function of nutrient availability. Nutrient deprivation or starvation often correlates with amino acid deficiency. This chapter will outline the changes in the metabolic patterns and molecular mechanisms driving these adaptive responses at the whole body level, and particularly in white and brown adipose tissue.

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Abbreviations

AAR:

Amino-acid response

ATF4:

Activating transcription factor 4

BAT:

Brown adipose tissue

DIO:

Diet induced obesity

DIO2:

Iodothyronine deiodinase 2

eIF2:

Eukaryotic initiation factor 2

ERK:

Extracellular regulated kinase

FA:

Fatty acids

FASN:

Fatty acid synthase

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

FGFR:

Fibroblast growth factor receptor

FRS2:

Fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2

GCN2:

General control nonderepressible 2

GLUT1:

Glucose transporter 1

HCD:

High carbohydrate diet

HSL:

Hormone sensitive lipase

KD:

Ketogenic diet

KLB:

Beta klotho

LPD:

Low protein diet

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamicine

NRF2:

Nuclear respiratory factor

PERK:

Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase

PGC1:

PPAR gamma coactivator 1

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor

SLC6A19:

Solute carrier family 6 member 19

SREBP:

Steroid response element binding protein

TSC1:

Tuberous sclerosis complex

UCP1:

Uncoupling protein 1

UTR:

Untranslated region

WAT:

White adipose tissue

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences. Torribera Food Campus. University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain

    Albert Pérez-Martí, Pedro F. Marrero, Diego Haro & Joana Relat

  2. Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain

    Albert Pérez-Martí, Pedro F. Marrero & Diego Haro

  3. Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain

    Joana Relat

Authors
  1. Albert Pérez-Martí
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  2. Pedro F. Marrero
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  3. Diego Haro
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  4. Joana Relat
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joana Relat .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Research Division, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

  2. School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

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Pérez-Martí, A., Marrero, P.F., Haro, D., Relat, J. (2019). Lipid Response to Amino Acid Starvation in Fat Cells: Role of FGF21. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Handbook of Famine, Starvation, and Nutrient Deprivation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55387-0_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55387-0_15

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-55386-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55387-0

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