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Corneal Diseases in Children: Ocular Surface Diseases

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Corneal Diseases in Children

Part of the book series: Essentials in Ophthalmology ((ESSENTIALS))

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Abstract

The ocular surface consists of the conjunctival mucosa, corneoscleral limbus, corneal epithelium, and tear film. Its proper functioning is dependent on the integrity of the adjacent structures: the eyelids, meibomian glands, and lacrimal system. A healthy ocular surface maintains the clarity of the cornea, the major refracting power of the eye. It also protects the underlying globe from infection and trauma. The ocular surface must maintain a delicate homeostasis, both in physical and chemical composition. Dysregulation can result in impaired vision, corneal scarring, and impaired ocular immunity. The ocular surface can be damaged as a result of toxic, traumatic, infectious, congenital, autoimmune, iatrogenic, and nutritional insult. This chapter reviews the etiologies of ocular surface disease in children. These diverse diseases can be broadly categorized as diseases of tear film dysfunction, neurotrophic keratitis, exposure keratitis, and limbal stem cell deficiency.

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Danielle Trief and Kathryn Colby declare that they have no conflict of interest. No human or animal studies were carried out by the authors for this chapter.

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, 635 West 165th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Danielle Trief

  2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2114, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Kathryn Colby

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  1. Danielle Trief
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Correspondence to Danielle Trief .

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Kathryn Colby

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Trief, D., Colby, K. (2017). Corneal Diseases in Children: Ocular Surface Diseases. In: Colby, K. (eds) Corneal Diseases in Children. Essentials in Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55298-9_5

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