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Studies on Arsenic and Human Health

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Arsenic Contamination in the Environment

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Abstract

Arsenic is a widespread element in the environment and it is highly toxic to human health. It is a Group A human carcinogen. Chronic arsenic exposure causes various dreaded ailments including cancer in skin, lung, and bladder, as well as in other organs. Arsenic induces epigenetic alterations and aberrant DNA methylation, causing inherent damage to cells. Addressing the issue at molecular level, researchers are interested to understand the distribution, metabolism, and potential modes of actions of inorganic arsenic (iAs). Paradoxically, apart from poisoning, arsenic has long been in medicinal use for treatment of various diseases like asthma, syphilis, trypanosomiasis, lichen planus, verruca plenum, tropical eosinophilia, and psoriasis. It is also a potentially important chemotherapeutic agent against acute promyelocytic leukemia and can help in activating the cytotoxic effects of DNA damaging chemotherapeutics. To extend precise therapeutic strategies against arsenic, integrated study on environmental monitoring, health surveillance, exposure data, individual risk characterization, and human biomarkers are required which will be able to provide mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of disease processes.

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  1. Defence Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Post Bag No. 2, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India

    Soumya Chatterjee & Sibnarayan Datta

  2. Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, Germany

    Dharmendra K. Gupta

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    Dharmendra Kumar Gupta

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    Soumya Chatterjee

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Chatterjee, S., Datta, S., Gupta, D.K. (2017). Studies on Arsenic and Human Health. In: Gupta, D., Chatterjee, S. (eds) Arsenic Contamination in the Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54356-7_3

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