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MSC Populations for Cartilage Regeneration

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Cartilage

Abstract

Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have an excellent capacity to repair tissues since they can proliferate and differentiate to form various tissues, cartilage included. Moreover, MSCs are potentially accessible in high quantities with low donor site morbidity and reasonable cartilage-forming capacity. In 1998, Johnstone et al. (Exp Cell Res 238(1):265–272) were the first that proposed an effective protocol to chondrogenically differentiate MSCs by using transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), now used by many groups in the world and since then hardly changed. However, MSCs are a heterogeneous population, and the amount and type of cartilage formed are strongly influenced by intra- and inter-donor variation. In this chapter, we mainly focused on surface markers and their modulation by growth factors. We aim to first clarify the characteristics and the embryonic origin of cartilage progenitor cells (chondroprogenitor), then to summarize the characteristics and the contribution to cartilage repair by MSCs from different origins both in vivo and in vitro, and finally, to show a few examples of promoting articular cartilage phenotype by growth factor administration, in relation to the modulation of surface marker expression. With the exception of the next section focused on embryology, our interest was posed specifically on MSCs from human origin.

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Acknowledgment

Our work and the writing of this chapter were supported by the Netherlands Institute for Regenerative Medicine (FES0908), the Science Foundation Ireland (11/RFP/BMT/3150), the Translational Adult Stem Cell Research by ZonMw (116005009), a VENI grant from STW (13659), and SmartStep (MRC-MR-L022893).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Roberto Narcisi, Mairéad A. Cleary, Kavitha Sivasubramaniyan & Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch

  2. Section of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfied, Dublin 4, Ireland

    Mairéad A. Cleary & Pieter A. J. Brama

  3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch

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  1. Roberto Narcisi
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  2. Mairéad A. Cleary
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  4. Pieter A. J. Brama
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  5. Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch
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Correspondence to Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch .

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  1. Orthopädische Klinik für die Universität Regensburg, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Susanne Grässel

  2. Department of General, Trauma, and Reconstruction Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany

    Attila Aszódi

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Narcisi, R., Cleary, M.A., Sivasubramaniyan, K., Brama, P.A.J., van Osch, G.J.V.M. (2017). MSC Populations for Cartilage Regeneration. In: Grässel, S., Aszódi, A. (eds) Cartilage. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53316-2_2

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