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Traditional and New Laboratory Procedures

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Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) which has still an ongoing importance in today is one of the infections that affect many systems. In case of a delay in diagnosis and treatment, central nervous system (CNS) TB may go on with sequelae, and it can even be fatal. Therefore, it is important to make an early and accurate diagnosis. For this reason, many new methods as well as traditional ones have been developed. Culture and staining methods, molecular analysis, and serological and biochemical monitoring can be used to determine the agent within the capacity of medical institution. However, some of these methods are time-consuming, and some others have sensitivity, false negativity, and false positivity problems in cases with TB of CNS. In suspected cases results should be interpreted cautiously after most appropriate test or test combinations are chosen.

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Abbreviations

ADA:

Adenosine deaminase

AFB:

Acid-fast bacillus

BCG:

Bacille Calmette-Guerin

CNS:

Central nervous system

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

ELISpot:

Enzyme-linked immunospot assay

ESAT-6:

Early secretory antigenic target-6

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

IFN-γ:

Interferon-γ

IGRA:

Interferon gamma release assay

IL:

Interleukin

LAM:

Lipoarabinomannan

LJ:

Lowenstein-Jensen

MC:

Mononuclear cell

MGIT:

Mycobacterial growth indicator tube

MODS:

Mycobacterial observation drug suscep​tibility

NAA:

Nucleic acid amplification

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PPD:

Purified protein derivative

TB:

Tuberculosis

TBM:

Tuberculous meningitis

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

TST:

Tuberculin skin test

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Deparment of Infectious Diseases, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey

    Güliz U. Güleç MD

  2. Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Ahmet T. Turgut MD

Authors
  1. Güliz U. Güleç MD
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Correspondence to Güliz U. Güleç MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey

    Mehmet Turgut

  2. Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech, Rabat, Morocco

    Ali Akhaddar

  3. Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Ahmet T. Turgut

  4. King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ravindra K. Garg

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Güleç, G.U., Turgut, A.T. (2017). Traditional and New Laboratory Procedures. In: Turgut, M., Akhaddar, A., Turgut, A., Garg, R. (eds) Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50712-5_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50712-5_25

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-50712-5

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