Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Depression in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Dementia in Nursing Homes

  • 2130 Accesses

Abstract

Depression is highly prevalent in nursing home residents with dementia. It is negatively associated with a resident’s well-being and daily functioning and can increase mortality and use of healthcare services. However, depression is under-recognized and undertreated in nursing homes. To improve depression management in residents with dementia, procedures are necessary for detecting and diagnosing depression and for psychosocial and pharmacological treatment strategies. Furthermore, monitoring the effects of any given treatment is highly important for improving depression management. This chapter describes a care program that encompasses procedures for a multidisciplinary approach to depression recognition and treatment in residents with dementia and that has been developed and shown to be effective in the nursing home setting. Additionally, the chapter goes into requirements for adequate depression management and implementing care programs in daily practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • AGS/AAGP (2003) The American Geriatrics Society and American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry recommendations for policies in support of quality mental health care in US nursing homes. J Am Geriatr Soc 51:1299–1304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexopoulos GS, Abrams RC, Young RC et al (1988) Cornell scale for depression in dementia. Biol Psychiat 23:271–284

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • APA (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder, 4th edn, Text Revision. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakker C, de Vugt ME, van Vliet D et al (2013) Predictors of the time to institutionalization in young- versus late-onset dementia: results from the Needs in Young Onset Dementia (NeedYD) study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 14:248–253

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee S, Hellier J, Dewey M et al (2011) Sertraline or mirtazapine for depression in dementia (HTA-SADD): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 378:403–411

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barca ML, Selbaek G, Laks J et al (2008) The pattern of depressive symptoms and factor analysis of the Cornell Scale among patients in Norwegian nursing homes. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 23:1058–1065

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barca ML, Engedal K, Laks J et al (2010) A 12 months follow-up study of depression among nursing-home patients in Norway. J Affect Disord 120:141–148

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barnhart WJ, Makela EH, Latocha MJ (2004) SSRI-induced apathy syndrome: a clinical review. J Psychiatr Pract 10:196–199

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bharucha AJ, Dew MA, Miller MD et al (2006) Psychotherapy in long-term care: a review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 7:568–580

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bohlmeijer E, Steunenberg B, Leontjevas R et al (2010) Dierbare Herinneringen: Protocol voor Individuele life-review therapie gebaseerd op autobiografische oefening. Universiteit Twente, Enschede

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodaty H, Burns K (2011) Nonpharmacological management of apathy in dementia: a systematic review. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 20:549–564

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brodaty H, Draper BM, Millar J et al (2003) Randomized controlled trial of different models of care for nursing home residents with dementia complicated by depression or psychosis. J Clin Psychiatry 64:63–72

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buettner LL, Fitzsimmons S (2002) AD-venture program: therapeutic biking for the treatment of depression in long-term care residents with dementia. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 17:121–127

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cipriani G, Lucetti C, Danti S et al (2014) Apathy and dementia Nosology, assessment and management. J Nerv Ment Dis 202(10):718–724

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coupland C, Dhiman P, Morriss R et al (2011) Antidepressant use and risk of adverse outcomes in older people: population based cohort study. BMJ 343:d4551

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gutzmann H, Qazi AZ (2015) Depression associated with dementia. Gerontol Geriatr 48(4):305–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamer T (2003) Mediatietherapie. De beste stuurlui staan aan wal. In: Miesen B, Allewijn M, Hertogh C, Groot de F, Wetten van en M (eds) Leidraad Psychogeriatrie, deel B/C, Houten Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum, pp 414–437

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyer L, Yeager CA, Hilton N et al (2008) Group, individual, and staff therapy: an efficient and effective cognitive behavioral therapy in long-term care. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 23:528–539

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ishii S, Weintraub N, Mervis JR (2009) Apathy: a common psychiatric syndrome in the elderly. J Am Med Dir Assoc 10(6):381–393

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jongenelis K, Pot AM, Eisses AM, Beekman AT, Kluiter H, Ribbe MW (2004) Prevalence and risk indicators of depression in elderly nursing home patients: the AGED study. J Affect Disord 83:135–142

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jongenelis K, Gerritsen DL, Pot AM et al (2007) Construction and validation of a patient- and user-friendly nursing home version of the Geriatric Depression Scale. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 22:837–842

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Konnert C, Dobson K, Stelmach L (2009) The prevention of depression in nursing home residents: a randomized clinical trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy. Aging Ment Health 13:288–299

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leone E, Deudon A, Bauchet M et al (2013) Management of apathy in nursing homes using a teaching program for care staff: the STIM-EHPAD study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 28(4):383–392

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R (2012) Act in case of depression. PhD thesis

    Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R, Gerritsen DL, Vernooij-Dassen M et al (2012a) Comparative validation of proxy-based Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale and cornell scale for depression in dementia in nursing home residents with dementia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 20(11):985–993

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R, Gerritsen DL, Vernooij-Dassen M et al (2012b) Nijmegen observer-rated depression scale for detection of depression in nursing home residents. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 27(10):1036–1044

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R, Evers-Stephan A, Smalbrugge M, Pot AM, Thewissen V, Gerritsen DL, et al (2012c) A comparative validation of the abbreviated Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES-10) with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory apathy subscale against diagnostic criteria of apathy. JAMDA 13(3):308.e1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R, Gerritsen DL, Koopmans RTCM, Smalbrugge M, Vernooij-Dassen (2012d) Proces evaluation to explore internal and external validity of the Act in case of Depression care program in nursing homes. JAMDA 13(5):488

    Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R, Teerenstra S, Smalbrugge M et al (2013a) More insight into the concept of apathy: a multidisciplinary depression management program has different effects on depressive symptoms and apathy in nursing homes. Int Psychogeriatr 25(12):1941–1952

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leontjevas R, Gerritsen DL, Smalbrugge M et al (2013b) A structural multidisciplinary approach to depression management in nursing-home residents: a multicentre, stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 381(9885):2255–2264

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levy ML, Cummings JL, Fairbanks LA et al (1998) Apathy is not depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 10:314–319

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marin RS, Biedrzycki RC, Firinciogullari S (1991) Reliability and validity of the Apathy Evaluation Scale. Psychiatry Res 38(2):143–162

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell AJ, Kakkadasam V (2011) Ability of nurses to identify depression in primary care, secondary care and nursing homes-A meta-analysis of routine clinical accuracy. Int J Nurs Stud 48:359–358

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mulders AJ, Fick IW, Bor H, Verhey FR, Zuidema SU, Koopmans RT (2016) Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in nursing home patients with young-onset dementia: the BEYOnD study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 17:495–500

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson JC, Devanand DP (2011) A systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled antidepressant studies in people with depression and dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 59:577–585

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oestergaard S, Moldrup C (2011) Improving outcomes for patients with depression by enhancing antidepressant therapy with non-pharmacological interventions: a systematic review of reviews. Public Health 125:357–367

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olin JT, Katz IR, Meyers BS et al (2002) Provisional diagnostic criteria for depression of Alzheimer disease: rationale and background. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 10:129–141

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino LD, Peters ME, Lyketsos CG et al (2013) Depression in cognitive impairment. Curr Psychiatry Rep 15(9):384

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Proctor R, Burns A, Powell HS et al (1999) Behavioural management in nursing and residential homes: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 354:26–29

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Reekum R, Stuss DT, Ostrander L (2005) Apathy: why care? J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 17(1):7–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robert P, Onyike CU, Leentjens AF et al (2009) Proposed diagnostic criteria for apathy in Alzheimer’s disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur Psychiatry J Assoc Eur Psychiatrists 24:98–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selbæk G, Engedal K, Bergh S (2013) The prevalence and course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in nursing home patients with dementia: a systematic review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 14(3):161–169

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Settle EC Jr (1998) Antidepressant drugs: disturbing and potentially dangerous adverse effects. J Clin Psychiatry 59(Suppl 16):25–30. discussion 40–22

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smalbrugge M, Pot AM, Jongenelis L et al (2006) The impact of depression and anxiety on well being, disability and use of health care services in nursing home patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 21(4):325–332

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starkstein SE, Petracca G, Chemerinski E et al (2001) Syndromic validity of apathy in Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Psychiatry 158:872–877

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starkstein SE, Jorge R, Mizrahi R et al (2006) A prospective longitudinal study of apathy in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77:8–11

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Starkstein SE, Mizrahi R, Power BD (2008) Depression in Alzheimer’s disease: phenomenology, clinical correlates and treatment. Int Rev Psychiatry 20(4):382–388

    Google Scholar 

  • Tagariello P, Girardi P, Amore M (2009) Depression and apathy in dementia: same syndrome or different constructs? A critical review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 49:246–249

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teri L, Logsdon RG, Uomoto J et al (1997) Behavioral treatment of depression in dementia patients: a controlled clinical trial. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 52(4):P159–P166

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur M, Blazer DG (2008) Depression in long-term care. J Am Med Dir Assoc 9(2):82–87

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verkaik R, Francke AL, van Meijel B et al (2011) The effects of a nursing guideline on depression in psychogeriatric nursing home residents with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 26:723–732

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wetzels RB, Zuidema SU, de Jonghe JFM et al (2010) Course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in residents with dementia in nursing homes over 2-year period. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 18(12):1054–1065

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Withall A, Brodaty H, Altendorf A et al (2011) A longitudinal study examining the independence of apathy and depression after stroke: the Sydney Stroke Study. Int Psychogeriatr 23(2):264–273

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang SR, Hua P, Shang XY et al (2013) Predictors of early post ischemic stroke apathy and depression: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 13:164

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zuidema SU, de Jonghe JF, Verhey FR et al (2009) Predictors of neuropsychiatric symptoms in nursing home patients: influence of gender and dementia severity. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 24(10):1079–1086

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zwijsen SA, Kabboord A, Eefsting JA et al (2014) Nurses in distress? An explorative study into the relation between distress and individual neuropsychiatric symptoms of people with dementia in nursing homes. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 29:384–391

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Primary and Community Care, Centre for Family Medicine, Geriatric Care and Public Health, Radboud University Medical Centre, Huispost 117 ELG, 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Debby L. Gerritsen PhD & Raymond T. C. M. Koopmans

  2. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands

    Roeslan Leontjevas

  3. Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Sandra A. Zwijsen & Martin Smalbrugge

  4. Joachim en Anna, Center for Specialized Geriatric Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Raymond T. C. M. Koopmans

Authors
  1. Debby L. Gerritsen PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Roeslan Leontjevas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sandra A. Zwijsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Raymond T. C. M. Koopmans
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Martin Smalbrugge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Debby L. Gerritsen PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical University of Graz Institute of Nursing Science, Graz, Austria

    Sandra Schüssler

  2. Medical University of Graz Institute of Nursing Science, Graz, Austria

    Christa Lohrmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gerritsen, D.L., Leontjevas, R., Zwijsen, S.A., Koopmans, R.T.C.M., Smalbrugge, M. (2017). Depression in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia. In: Schüssler, S., Lohrmann, C. (eds) Dementia in Nursing Homes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49832-4_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49832-4_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-49830-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-49832-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation