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Basin and Petroleum System Modeling

  • Chapter
Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Since the early 1970s, basin and petroleum system modeling (GlossaryTerm

BPSM

) has evolved from a simple tool, used mainly to predict regional source rock thermal maturity, to become a critical component in the worldwide exploration programs of many national and international oil companies for both conventional and unconventional resources. The selection of one-dimensional GlossaryTerm

1-D

, GlossaryTerm

2-D

or GlossaryTerm

3-D

BPSM depends on available input data and project objectives. Organic richness and rock properties must be reconstructed to original values prior to burial. For example, in geohistory analysis each unit is decompacted to original thickness and corrected for paleobathymetry and eustasy. Boundary conditions for thermal evolution include heat flow and sediment-water interface temperature corrected for water depth through time. Default petroleum generation kinetics available in most software should be used only when suitable samples of the source rock organofacies are unavailable. Kinetic parameters are best measured using representative, thermally immature equivalents of the effective source rock. 3-D poroelastic and poroplastic rock stress modeling are significant advances over the 1-D Terzaghi method employed by most software. Calibration should start with the available pressure data, followed by thermal calibration (e. g., corrected borehole temperatures or vitrinite reflectance) and calibration to other measurements (e. g., petroleum composition). The dynamic petroleum system concept has proven to be a more reliable tool for exploration than static play fairway maps used in the past, partly because BPSM accounts for the timing of trap formation relative to generation-migration-accumulation. Tectonic activity and other processes can result in remigration or destruction of accumulations and more than one critical moment on the petroleum system event chart. Organoporosity within the kerogen and solid bitumen accounts for much of the petroleum in unconventional mudstone reservoirs, and secondary cracking of oil to gas is particularly important. Hybrid unconventional systems, which juxtapose ductile organic-rich and brittle, more permeable organic-lean intervals are typically the best producers.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Schlumberger for permission to publish and the following reviewers who helped to improve the manuscript: Ian Bryant, John Dribus, Susan Duffield, Daniel Palmowski, Clifford Walters, Les Magoon, and Rodney Warfford.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Schlumberger, 18 Manzanita Pl., CA 94941, Mill Valley, USA

    Kenneth E. Peters

  2. Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Building 320, Room 118, CA 94305-2115, Stanford, USA

    Kenneth E. Peters

  3. Schlumberger Aachen Technology Center, Ritterstr. 23, 52072, Aachen, Germany

    Oliver Schenk, Björn Wygrala & Thomas Hantschel

  4. Dept. Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, MC 2115, CA 94305, Stanford, USA

    Allegra Hosford Scheirer

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  3. Allegra Hosford Scheirer
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  4. Björn Wygrala
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  5. Thomas Hantschel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenneth E. Peters .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Florida A&M University/Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer St., FL 32310, Tallahassee, USA

    Chang Samuel Hsu   (許強)

  2. China University of Petroleum - Beijing College of Chemical Engineering, Changping, China

    Chang Samuel Hsu   (許強)

  3. Petro Bio Consulting LLC, Tallahassee, USA

    Chang Samuel Hsu   (許強)

  4. Katy Institute for Sustainable Energy, 3418 Clear Water Park Dr., TX 77450, Katy, USA

    Paul R. Robinson

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Peters, K.E., Schenk, O., Hosford Scheirer, A., Wygrala, B., Hantschel, T. (2017). Basin and Petroleum System Modeling. In: Hsu, C.S., Robinson, P.R. (eds) Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49347-3_11

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