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Coronary Artery Anomalies

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Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric and Adult Patients

Abstract

Isolated coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) affect less than 1 % of the population. However, in sudden deaths, the incidence of CAA is higher and has been reported in up to 11.8–19 % of the population (Open J Radiol 4:163–72, 2014; Circulation 105:2449–54, 2002; Circulation 115:1296–305, 2007; J Am Coll Cardiol 37:593–7, 2001). It is the second most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in adolescents and young adults during exertion (Circulation 119:1085–92, 2009). Some CAA only manifest with extreme physical conditions of exertion, when autonomic and/or endothelial factors cause vasospasm and/or thrombosis which compromises coronary circulation. Common cardiac signs and symptoms like ischemia, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, syncope, dyspnea, and sudden death have been attributed to CAA. CAA can present in the context of complex congenital heart disease. In 7–10 % of cases of tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great vessels, CAA has been reported. Rarely, pediatrics patients can develop acquired coronary artery disease. Inflammatory disease such as Kawasaki and coronary artery vasculopathy post transplant are two acquired diseases that will be discussed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia, Texas Children’s Hospital – Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    P. Motta

  2. Yale University School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Children’s Hospital, New Haven, USA

    J. E. Santoro

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  1. P. Motta
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  2. J. E. Santoro
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Correspondence to P. Motta .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiac Anesthesiology Department, Anesthesiology Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Dabbagh

  2. Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Antonio Hernandez Conte

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Lorraine Lubin

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© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Motta, P., Santoro, J.E. (2017). Coronary Artery Anomalies. In: Dabbagh, A., Conte, A., Lubin, L. (eds) Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric and Adult Patients. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44691-2_31

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44691-2_31

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-44689-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-44691-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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