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Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Biliary Dyskinesia, Cholelithiasis, and Cholecystitis

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The SAGES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery

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Abstract

The prevalence of gallstones in children varies by country, with published rates ranging from 0.13 to 1.9 %. Despite the relative infrequency of gallstone formation, rates of symptomatic gallbladder disease have been rising and can largely be attributed to an increase in nonhemolytic (cholesterol) stones and biliary dyskinesia. Children with biliary colic due to stones usually present with typical symptoms of right upper quadrant or midepigastric pain associated with nausea and vomiting, and the diagnosis can often be confirmed with an ultrasound examination. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard of care for children who present with symptomatic cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis, or biliary dyskinesia, and selective use of intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) has been shown to be safe. Obtaining a critical view of safety prior to clipping and dividing the cystic duct and artery, as in adults, is an important step in avoiding injury to the common bile duct. Reported rates of common bile duct injury are 0.36–0.44 %. Similarly, reported rates of major complications are low (<0.5 %). Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) cholecystectomy offers improved cosmesis over four-port cholecystectomy, but is otherwise similar in regard to outcomes.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 1935 Medical District Dr., Dallas, TX, 75235, USA

    Moriah M. Hagopian

  2. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children’s Health Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA

    Diana L. Diesen

Authors
  1. Moriah M. Hagopian
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  2. Diana L. Diesen
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Correspondence to Diana L. Diesen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Surgery, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA

    Danielle S. Walsh

  2. Northeast Ohio Medical College Division of Pediatric Surgery, Akron Children’s Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA

    Todd A. Ponsky

  3. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Akron Children’s Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA

    Nicholas E. Bruns

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Hagopian, M.M., Diesen, D.L. (2017). Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Biliary Dyskinesia, Cholelithiasis, and Cholecystitis. In: Walsh, D., Ponsky, T., Bruns, N. (eds) The SAGES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43642-5_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43642-5_41

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43640-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43642-5

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