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Regional Systems

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Springer Handbook of Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Zusammenfassung

Other than global positioning system (GlossaryTerm

GPS

), Russian global navigation satellite system (GlossaryTerm

GLONASS

), BeiDou, and Galileo, the regional navigation satellite systems (GlossaryTerm

RNSS

) aim to provide a regional service using a constellation of satellites in geostationary Earth orbits (GlossaryTerm

GEO

) and inclined geosynchronous orbits (GlossaryTerm

IGSO

). Two regional systems implemented in Asia will be introduced in this chapter.

The first one is the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (GlossaryTerm

QZSS

), which was originally planned as an augmentation system to enhance GPS capability and performance in the area surrounding Japan. The other is the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (GlossaryTerm

IRNSS

, also known as NavIC for Navigation with Indian Constellation), which can provide an independent positioning, navigation, and timing (GlossaryTerm

PNT

) service over India and surrounding areas.

In this chapter, the concept of regional navigation satellite systems is first described. The combination of satellites in GEO and IGSO is a common idea to realize such a regional service platform with a low number of satellites. The orbital characteristics and geometry of the proposed RNSS constellations are explained before each RNSS is introduced in detail. Secondly, the detailed characteristics of both systems are described in the following sections. The system architecture, service provision including navigation signal properties and service performance to be provided, as well as the deployment plan or schedule are mentioned for each system. Additionally, initial demonstration results are presented.

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Abbreviations

ADEV:

Allan deviation

AOCS:

attitude and orbit control system

BOC:

binary offset carrier

BPSK:

binary phase-shift keying

CDMA:

code division multiple access

CNAV:

civil navigation message

CORS:

continuously operating reference station

CRC:

cyclic redundancy check

CSK:

code shift keying

DLR:

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt

DOP:

dilution of precision

EKF:

extended Kalman filter

FEC:

forward error correction

GEO:

geostationary Earth orbit

GLONASS:

Global’naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikova Sistema (Russian Global Navigation Satellite System)

GNSS:

global navigation satellite system

GPS:

Global Positioning System

GPST:

GPS Time

ICD:

interface control document

IGS:

International GNSS Service

IGSO:

inclined geo-synchronous orbit

IRNSS:

Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

ITU:

International Telecommunication Union

JAXA:

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

LNAV:

legacy navigation message

MCS:

master control station

MEO:

medium Earth orbit

MSAS:

Multi-Function Satellite Augmentation System

MS:

monitoring station

NAQU:

notice advisory to QZSS users

NASA:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

OWCP:

one-way carrier-phase technique

PDOP:

position dilution of precision

PNT:

positioning, navigation and timing

POD:

precise orbit determination

PPP:

precise point positioning

PRN:

pseudo-random noise

QZSS:

Quasi-Zenith Satellite System

RAAN:

right ascension of ascending node

RAFS:

rubidium atomic frequency standard

RDSS:

radio determination satellite service

RF:

radio frequency

RMS:

root mean square

RNSS:

regional navigation satellite system

RTCM:

Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services

SBAS:

satellite-based augmentation system

SISRE:

signal-in-space range error

SLR:

satellite laser ranging

SPS:

standard positioning service

TAI:

International Atomic Time

TLM:

telemetry (word)

TT&C:

telemetry, tracking, and commanding

TWSTFT:

two-way satellite time and frequency transfer

TWTA:

traveling wave tube amplifier

UERE:

user equivalent range error

USNO:

United States Naval Observatory

UTC:

Coordinated Universal Time

WGS:

World Geodetic System

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. QZSS Strategy Office, National Space Policy Secretariat, Cabinet Office, 1-6-1 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 100-8914, Tokyo, Japan

    Satoshi Kogure

  2. ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Old Airport Road, Vimapura PIO, 560017, Bangalore, India

    A.S. Ganeshan

  3. German Aerospace Center (DLR), Münchener Str. 20, 82234, Wessling, Germany

    Oliver Montenbruck

Authors
  1. Satoshi Kogure
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  2. A.S. Ganeshan
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  3. Oliver Montenbruck
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Correspondence to Satoshi Kogure .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, WA 6845, Perth, Australia

    Peter J.G. Teunissen

  2. Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA, Delft, Netherlands

    Peter J.G. Teunissen

  3. German Aerospace Center (DLR), Münchener Str. 20, 82234, Wessling, Germany

    Oliver Montenbruck

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Kogure, S., Ganeshan, A., Montenbruck, O. (2017). Regional Systems. In: Teunissen, P.J., Montenbruck, O. (eds) Springer Handbook of Global Navigation Satellite Systems. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42928-1_11

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