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Imaging in Neurology Research II: Exploring Plasticity and Cognitive Networks by In Vivo MRI

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Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to introduce several models of neuroplasticity and to illustrate how basic neuroplastic events including learning and cognition can be unraveled with different in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tools.

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Abbreviations

ADC:

Apparent diffusion coefficient

AIM-MRI:

Activity-induced manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

ASL:

Arterial spin labeling

BBB:

Blood-brain barrier

BDNF:

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

BOLD:

Blood-oxygen-level dependent

CA 1/2/3:

Cornu ammonis part 1/2/3

CBF:

Cerebral blood flow

CBV:

Cerebral blood volume

Cho:

Choline

CMRO2 :

Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen

CNS:

Central nervous system

Cr:

Creatine

CT:

Computed tomography

DCM:

Dynamic causal modeling

DTI:

Diffusion tensor imaging

EEG:

Electroencephalography

EPI:

Echo planar imaging

FA:

Fractional anisotropy

FID:

Free induction decay

fMRI:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

GABA:

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Gln:

Glutamine

Glu:

Glutamate

GRASE:

Gradient and spin echo

HARDI:

High angular resolution diffusion imaging

HRF:

Hemodynamic response function

ICA:

Independent component analysis

Lac:

Lactate

LFF:

Low-frequency fluctuations

LTD:

Long-term depression

LTP:

Long-term potentiation

MD:

Mean diffusivity

ME:

Monocular enucleation

MEG:

Magnetoencephalography

MEMRI:

Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

MPIO:

Micron-sized paramagnetic iron oxide (particle)

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MRS:

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

MTC:

Magnetization transfer contrast

NAA:

N-Acetylaspartate

NIRS:

Near-infrared spectroscopy

Otx2:

Orthodenticle homeobox 2 gene

PCr:

Phosphocreatine

PET:

Positron emission tomography

phMRI:

Pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging

PRESS:

Point-resolved spectroscopy

RF:

Radio frequency

ROI:

Region of interest

rsfMRI:

Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging

SNR:

Signal-to-noise ratio

STEAM:

Stimulated echo acquisition mode

tCr:

Total creatine

TE:

Echo time

TI:

Inversion time

TR:

Repetition time

VBM:

Voxel-based morphometry

λ1 λ2, λ3:

Three eigenvalues

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the Belgian Science Policy (Belspo, PLASTOSCINE P7/17), the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO, G044311N; G.0302.13) – and a grant by the Hercules Foundation (AUHA0012) to AVdL. GDG (postdoc), FK (postdoc), and LVR (PhD) are supported by FWO fellowships.

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  1. Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium

    J. Hamaide, L. Van Ruijssevelt, F. Kara, G. De Groof & A. Van der Linden

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  1. J. Hamaide
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  2. L. Van Ruijssevelt
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  3. F. Kara
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  4. G. De Groof
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  5. A. Van der Linden
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Correspondence to A. Van der Linden .

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  1. Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Germany

    Fabian Kiessling

  2. Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Bernd J. Pichler

  3. Bayer AG, Drug Discovery Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany

    Peter Hauff

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Hamaide, J., Van Ruijssevelt, L., Kara, F., De Groof, G., Van der Linden, A. (2017). Imaging in Neurology Research II: Exploring Plasticity and Cognitive Networks by In Vivo MRI. In: Kiessling, F., Pichler, B., Hauff, P. (eds) Small Animal Imaging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42202-2_29

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42202-2_29

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-42200-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-42202-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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