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Lung Imaging in ARDS

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Abstract

The definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been recently revised with the new Berlin definition [1]. According to this latest definition, the diagnosis is based on the onset of the hypoxemia and of bilateral radiological opacities within 1 week. Three mutually exclusive categories of ARDS based on the degree of hypoxemia were identified (mild, ≤300 mmHg PaO2/FiO2 > 200 mmHg; moderate, ≤200 mmHg PaO2/FiO2>100 mm Hg; severe, PaO2/FiO2 ≤100 mmHg with a positive end-expiratory pressure ≥5 cmH2O) associated with increased mortality and associated with median length of mechanical ventilation in survivors. The new definition updated the following concepts:

  • The specific time frame identifying the acute onset as “ARDS developing within 1 week of a known clinical insult or new/worsening respiratory symptoms”

  • The origin of edema judging ARDS, a respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload

  • The chest radiological criterion specifying that it should include bilateral opacities not fully explained by effusion, lobar lung collapse on chest radiograph, or on CT scan if available

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda–Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

    Silvia Coppola & Sara Froio

  2. Director of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Services, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Davide Chiumello

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  1. Silvia Coppola
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  2. Sara Froio
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  3. Davide Chiumello
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Correspondence to Davide Chiumello .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of "Scienze della Salute", University of Milan, Director of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Services , ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy

    Davide Chiumello

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Coppola, S., Froio, S., Chiumello, D. (2017). Lung Imaging in ARDS. In: Chiumello, D. (eds) Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41852-0_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41852-0_10

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