Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Renovascular Hypertension

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric Urogenital Radiology

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

  • 1126 Accesses

Abstract

Hypertension in children is usually secondary, although primary (essential) hypertension is progressively increasing along with increasing childhood obesity (Gomes et al. 2011). The more severe the hypertension and the younger the child, then the more likely it is to be secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension is most commonly due to renal parenchymal diseases and congenital abnormalities (Wyszynska et al. 1992). Renovascular disease (RVD) is an unusual cause of secondary hypertension in children accounting for less than 10 % of hypertension cases (Gill et al. 1976; Wyszynska et al. 1992). However, it is important to be diagnosed as it is potentially curable with transcatheter angioplasty and/or surgery (Tullus et al. 2008). RVD is now well recognized in pediatrics, but the etiology and management are very different to adult practice (Sadowski and Falkner 1996).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abdulsamea S, Anderson P, Biassoni L et al (2010) Pre- and postcaptopril renal scintigraphy as a screening test for renovascular hypertension in children. Pediatr Nephrol 25:317–322

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brun P, Kchouk H, Mouchet B et al (1997) Value of Doppler ultrasound for the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in children. Pediatr Nephrol 11:27–30

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bud RO, Larson RG, Nichols WW et al (1999) Stenosis of the main artery supplying an organ: effect of end-organ vascular resistance on the poststenotic peak systolic velocity in an in vitro hydraulic model at Doppler US. Radiology 212:79–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castelli PK, Dillman JR, Smith EA et al (2013) Imaging of renin-mediated hypertension in children. AJR 200(6):W661–W672

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Castelli PK, Dillman JR, Kershaw DB, Khalatbari S, Stanley JC, Smith EA (2014) Renal sonography with Doppler for detecting suspected pediatric renin-mediated hypertension – is it adequate? Pediatr Radiol 44(1):42–49

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung WS, Wong KN, Wong YC, Ma KM (2004) Segmental renal artery stenosis diagnosed with captopril renography in a child. Pediatr Radiol 34:636–639

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deal JE, Snell MF, Barratt TM, Dillon MJ (1992) Renovascular disease in childhood. J Pediatr 121:378–384

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dillon MJ (1997) The diagnosis of renovascular disease. Pediatr Nephrol 11:366–372 (PR)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gill DG, de Mendes CB, Cameron JS et al (1976) Analysis of 100 children with severe and persistent hypertension. Arch Dis Child 51:951–956

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gomes RS, Quirino IG, Pereira RM et al (2011) Primary versus secondary hypertension in children followed up at an outpatient tertiary unit. Pediatr Nephrol 26:441–447

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goonasekera CD, Dillon MJ (2000) Measurement and interpretation of blood pressure. Arch Dis Child 82:261–265

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kurian J, Epelman M, Darge K et al (2013) The role of CT angiography in the evaluation of pediatric renovascular hypertension. Pediatr Radiol 43(4):490–501

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li JC, Wang L, Jiang YX et al (2006) Evaluation of renal artery stenosis with velocity parameters of Doppler sonography. J Ultrasound Med 25(6):735–742

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch M, Andronikou S, Goddard E et al (2003) Angiographic features of 26 children with Takayasu’s arteritis. Pediatr Radiol 33(4):230–235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Minty I, Lythgoe MF, Gordon I (1993) Hypertension in paediatrics: can pre- and post-captopril technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scans exclude renovascular disease? Eur J Nucl Med 20:699–702

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (2004) The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 114:555–576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ng CS, de Bruyn R, Gordon I (1997) The investigation of renovascular hypertension in children: the accuracy of radio-isotopes in detecting renovascular disease. Nucl Med Commun 18:1017–1028

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patriquin HB, Lafortune M, Jequier JC et al (1992) Stenosis of the renal artery: assessment of slowed systole in the downstream circulation with Doppler sonography. Radiology 184:479–485

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reusz GS, Kis E, Cseprekal O, Szabo AJ (2010) Captopril-enhanced renal scintigraphy in the diagnosis of pediatric hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol 25:185–189

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riccabona M, Lobo NL, Papadopoulou F et al (2011) ESPR uroradiology task force and ESUR paediatric working group: imaging recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, Part IV: minutes of the ESPR uroradiology task force mini-symposium on imaging in childhood hypertension and imaging of renal trauma in children. Pediatr Radiol 41(7):939–944

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosner B, Prineas RJ, Loggie JM, Daniels SR (1993) Blood pressure nomograms for children and adolescents, by height, sex, and age, in the United States. J Pediatr 123:871–886

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sadowski RH, Falkner B (1996) Hypertension in pediatric patients. Am J Kidney Dis 27:305–315

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shroff R, Roebuck DJ, Gordon I et al (2006) Angioplasty for renovascular hypertension in children: 20-year experience. Pediatrics 118:268–275

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Slovut DP, Olin JW (2004) Fibromuscular dysplasia. N Engl J Med 350(18):1862–1871

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasan A, Krishnamurthy G, Fontalvo-Herazo L et al (2011) Spectrum of renal findings in pediatric fibromuscular dysplasia and neurofibromatosis type 1. Pediatr Radiol 41:308–316

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teigen CL, Mitchell SE, Venbrux AC, Christenson MJ, McLean RH (1992) Segmental renal artery embolization for treatment of pediatric renovascular hypertension. J Vasc Interv Radiol 3:111–117

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tullus K, Brennan E, Hamilton G et al (2008) Renovascular hypertension in children. Lancet 371:1453–1463

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tullus K, Roebuck DJ, McLaren CA, Marks SD (2010) Imaging in the evaluation of renovascular disease. Pediatr Nephrol 25:1049–1056

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vade A, Agrawal R, Lim-Dunham J, Hartoin D (2002) Utility of computed tomographic renal angiogram in the management of childhood hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol 17:741–747

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Visrutaratna P, Srisuwan T, Sirivanichai C (2009) Pediatric renovascular hypertension in Thailand: CT angiographic findings. Pediatr Radiol 39:1321–1326

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vo NJ, Hammelman BD, Racadio JM et al (2006) Anatomic distribution of renal artery stenosis in children: implications for imaging. Pediatr Radiol 36:1032–1036

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson AR, Balfe JW, Hardy BE (1985) Renovascular hypertension in childhood: a changing perspective in management. J Pediatr 106:366–372

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams G, Macaskill P, Chan S et al (2007) Comparative accuracy of renal duplex sonographic parameters in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis: paired and unpaired analysis. AJR 188:798–811

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wyszynska T, Cichocka E, Wieteska-Klimczak A, Jobs K, Januszewicz P (1992) A single pediatric center experience with 1,025 children with hypertension. Acta Paediatr 81:244–246

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiology, Ioannina University, Ioannina, Greece

    Frederica Papadopoulou MD

  2. Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK

    Melanie P. Hiorns MBBS, MRCP, FRCR

Authors
  1. Frederica Papadopoulou MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Melanie P. Hiorns MBBS, MRCP, FRCR
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Frederica Papadopoulou MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital, LKH Graz, Graz, Austria

    Michael Riccabona

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Papadopoulou, F., Hiorns, M.P. (2018). Renovascular Hypertension. In: Riccabona, M. (eds) Pediatric Urogenital Radiology. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39202-8_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39202-8_35

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39200-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39202-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation