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Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer

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Pathology and Epidemiology of Cancer

Abstract

Ongoing preclinical investigations and clinical trials involving new targeted therapies promise to improve survival in patients with lung cancer. Targeted therapeutic agents based on genetic mutations and signaling pathways altered in lung cancer have added significantly to our armamentarium for lung cancer treatment while minimizing drug toxicity. To date, four targeted therapies have been approved for treatment of lung cancer by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): gefitinib in 2002, erlotinib in 2003, bevacizumab in 2006, and crizotinib in 2011. This chapter describes the basic molecular biology principles and selected molecular diagnostic techniques in lung cancer, focuses on the targeted therapies in lung cancer, the molecular biomarkers that identify patients likely to benefit from these targeted therapies, and the pathologic features correlated with molecular abnormalities in lung cancer. Lastly, new molecular abnormalities described in lung cancer that are predictive to novel promising targeted agents in various phases of clinical trials are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on summarizing evolving technologies useful in the diagnosis and characterization of lung cancer. In conclusion, molecular testing of lung cancer expands the expertize of the pathologists, who will identify the tumor markers that are predictive of sensitivity or resistance to various targeted therapies and allow patients with cancer to be selected for highly effective and less-toxic therapies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Lucian R. Chirieac & Lester Kobzik

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  1. Lucian R. Chirieac
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  2. Lester Kobzik
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Correspondence to Lucian R. Chirieac .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Massimo Loda

  2. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Lorelei A. Mucci

  3. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Megan L. Mittelstadt

  4. King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom

    Mieke Van Hemelrijck

  5. Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Maura Bríd Cotter

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Chirieac, L.R., Kobzik, L. (2017). Pathology and Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer. In: Loda, M., Mucci, L., Mittelstadt, M., Van Hemelrijck, M., Cotter, M. (eds) Pathology and Epidemiology of Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35153-7_20

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