Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Combating Deterioration in Salt-Affected Soil in Egypt by Crop Rotations

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Management of Climate Induced Drought and Water Scarcity in Egypt

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science ((BRIEFSENVIRONMENTAL))

Abstract

Crop rotation can be used as a technique to save on the applied water, improve soil fertility and combat soil deterioration under current climate and under climate change. Five crops rotations were suggested to be implemented in salt-affected soil in the North Nile Delta of Egypt. The selected crops for these rotations are either salinity tolerant, or tolerant cultivars were selected from sensitive or medium tolerant crops. Precise land leveling and cultivation on raised beds were suggested to save 25 % of the applied water to surface irrigation. Furthermore, three-crop sequence and intercropping systems were also used. Total water requirements for each rotation were calculated using 30 year climate normals and in 2030 under climate change. The results indicated that total water requirements for the suggested crop rotations will increase under climate change in 2030, in addition to more water will need to be applied as leaching requirements for the cultivated crops in salt-affected soils. Thus, using the management package resulted in applying less water to the suggested rotations in 2030, compared to the applied water to these rotations under present climate and surface irrigation. The saved irrigation amounts can be used as leaching requirements under climate change.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abd El-Aal AIN (1995) Macro and micro morphological studies on the water table affected layer in some soils of Egypt. PhD, Thesis Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University. Giza, Egypt

    Google Scholar 

  • Abd El-Zaher SR, Osman MS, Sherif SA (2009) Effect of intercropping barley with sugar beet under different nitrogen fertilization levels on yield components. Egypt J Appl Sci 24(6B)

    Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Mawly SE, Zanouny I (2004) Response of sugar beet (Beta Vulgaris, l.) to potassium application and irrigation with saline water Ass. Univ Bull Environ Res 7(1)

    Google Scholar 

  • Abou-Kreshe MAA, Ibrahim ST, Mohammadain EEA (2011) Effect of cowpea intercropping date in maize and sorghum fields on productivity and infestation weed. Egypt J Agron 33(1):35–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Abo Soliman MSM, Saied MM, El-Barbary SM, Bengamen IS (2000) On-Farm soil management to improve some properties of salt affected soil at North Delta. In: Proceedings of the Eighth conference of Agricultural Development Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmad R, Abdulla Z (1982) Biomass production of food and fiber crops using highly saline water under desert conditions. In: Biosaline research; proceedings from the 2nd international workshop on biosaline research 1980. La Paz, Mexico, pp 149–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmad IM, Qubal B, Ahmad G, Shah NH (2009) Maize yield, plant tissue and residual soil N as affected by nitrogen management and tillage system. J Agric Biol Sci 1(1):19–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Antar SA, El-Henawy AS, Atwa AAE (2008) Improving some properties of heavy clay salt affected soil as a result of different subsurface tillage. J Agric Sci Mansoura Univ 33:7675–7687

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakker D, Hamilton M, Hetherington GJ, Spann R (2010) Salinity dynamics and the potential for improvement of water logged and saline land in a Mediterranean climate using permanent raised beds. Soil Tillage Res 110(1):8–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatti UA, Khan MM (2012) Review Soil management in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change. Soil Environ 31(1):1–10. http://www.sss-pakistan.org. (Soil Science Society of Pakistan)

  • Blackburn (1984) Sugarcane (1st edn). Longman, London and New York (Tropical Agriculture Series). 414 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Brady NC, Well RR (2008) The nature and properties of soils. Pearson-Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River NJ p 990

    Google Scholar 

  • Bremer E, Janzen HH, Ellert BH, McKenzie RH (2008) Soil organic carbon after twelve years of various crop rotations in an Aridic Boroll. Soil Sci Soc Am J 72:970–974

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cerrie CC, Bernoux M, Cerrie CEP, Feller C (2004) Carbon cycling and sequestration opportunities in South America: the case of Brazil. Soil Use Manag 20:248–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Devinder S, Mahey RK, Vashist KK, Mahal SS (2005) Economizing irrigation water use and enhancing water productivity in rice Oryza sativa L. through bed/furrow transplanting. Environ Ecol 23:606–610

    Google Scholar 

  • Elbordiny MM, El-Dewiny CY (2008) Effect of some salt affected soil properties on micronutrients availability. J Appl Sci Res 4(11):1569–1573

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El Falaky AA, Rady AA (1993) Salt tolerance of rice and cotton crops grown in salt affected soils. Tasks Veg Sci 28:147–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El-Saidi MT (1997) Salinity and its effect on growth, yield and some physiological processes of crop plants. In: Jaiwal PK, Singh RP, Gulati A (eds) Strategies for improving salt tolerance in higher plants. Science Publishing, Enfield, NH, USA, pp 111–127

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Sanat GMA (2012) Effect of some soil management practices and nitrogen fertilizer levels on some soil properties and its productivity at North Delta. J Soil Sci Agric Eng Mansoura Univ 3:1137–1151

    Google Scholar 

  • Farghaly BS, Zohry AA, Bassal SAA (2003) Crops management for intercropping sugar beet with some essential crops to maximize area unit productivity. J Agric Sci Mansoura Univ 28(7):5183–5199

    Google Scholar 

  • FCRI (2014) Field crops research institute bulletin. Agricultural Research Center, Egypt

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehad A (2003) Deteriorated soils in Egypt: management and rehabilitation—report; executive authority for land improvement project (EALIP). Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamd-Alla WA, Shalaby EM, Dawood RA, Zohry AA (2014) Effect of cowpea (Vigansinensis L) with maize (Zea mays L) intercropping on yield and its components. Int Sch Sci Res Innov 8(11):1170–1176

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanna F (2000) Pedological studies development in Egypt during the last 50 years (1950–2000). Egyptian Soil Science Society (ESSS)—Golden Jubilee Congress 1950–2000, Cairo (Oct 23–25)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson LE, Hill AL (2004) Fusarium species causing fusarium yellows of sugar beet. J Sugar Beet Res 41(4):163–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosseini SHF, Bordbar M, Rajabi S (2014) The perception of farmers about laser land levelling as an appropriate technology. Agric Sect Iran Ann Res Rev Biol 4(13):2207–2214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang M, Shao M, Zhang L, Li Y (2003) Water use efficiency and sustainability of different long-term crop rotation systems in the Loess Plateau of China. Soil Tillage Res 72:95–104. doi:10.1016/s0167-1987(03)00065-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Humphreys E, Meisner C, Gupta RK, Timsina J, Beecher HG, Lu TY, Singh Y, Gill MA, Masih Gou ZJ, Hompson JA (2004) Water saving in rice–wheat systems. Paper presented at the 4th international crop science congress in Brisbane, Australia. http://www.cropscience.org.au/icsc2004/poster/1/3/2/852_fujiim.htm. Retrieved 05 Apr 2005

  • IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) (2007) Water management in irrigated rice: coping with water scarcity. IRRI, Los Baños (Philippines)

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson NC, Copeland PJ, Crookston RK, Pfleger FL (1992) Mycorrhizae: Possible explanation for the yield decrease with continuous corn and soybean. Agron. J. 84:387–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaffka S, Dong D, Gary P (1999) Saline water can be reused to irrigate sugarbeets, but sugar may be low. California Agric 53(1):11–15. doi:10.3733/ca.v053n01p11. (January-February 1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamel AS, El-Masry ME, Khalil HE (2010) Productive sustainable rice based rotations in saline-sodic soils in Egypt. Egypt J Agron 32(1):73–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur R, Malik R, Paul M (2007) Long-term effects of various crop rotations for managing salt-affected soils through a field scale decision support system—a case study. Soil Use Manage 23:52–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaye NM, Mason SC, Jackson DS, Galusha TD (2007) Crop rotation and soil amendments alters sorghum grain quality. Crop Sci 47:722–729

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karlen DL, Varvel GE, Bullock DG, Cruse RM (1994) Crop rotations for the 21st century. Adv Agron 53:1–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan F, Khan SU, Sarir MS, Khattak RA (2007) Effect of land leveling on some physico-chemical properties of soil in district dir lower. Sarhad J Agric 23(1):107–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Kishk MA (2000) Sustainable land use in poor countries and poor communities: a mirage of real water. In: Soil and sustainable agriculture in the new century. Egyptian Soil Science Society (ESSS)—Golden Jubilee Congress 1950–2000, Cairo. ( Oct 23–25)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lacerda CF, Sousa GG, Silva FLB, Guimarães FVA, Silva GL, Cavalcante LF (2011) Soil salinization and maize and cowpea yield in the crop rotation system using saline waters. Engenharia Agrícola, Jaboticabal 31:663–675

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud MA (2012) Effect of deficit irrigation and induced planting methods on water use efficiency, some soil properties and productivity of rice crop in North Nile Delta. PhD Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud A, Ouda S, Abd El-Hafez S (2016) High water consuming crops under control: I. Case of rice crop. In: Major crops and water scarcity in Egypt. Springer Publishing House, pp 69–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Mamani OR, Doussoulin EE, Serri GH (1998) Response of cotton (Gossypiulmbarbadense) to nitrogen fertilizer, plant density and leaching water in the LlutaValley. Idesia 15:49–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Meleha ME, El-Bably AZ, Abd Allah AA, El-Khoby WM (2008) Producing more rice with less water by inducing planting methods in north Delta, Egypt. J Agric Sci Mansoura Univ 33:805–813

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohamedin AAM, Abdel-Warth M, Mahmoud AA, El-Melegy AM (2005) Effect of soil amendments followed by saline water on properties and productivity of a highly alkali soils. Egypt J Appl Sci 20(11):258–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohamedin AAM, Mona KM (2011) Abdel-Razek and A.A.S. Gendy. 2011. Evaluation of the reclamation of salt affected clay soil with gypsum and surface flushing under rice-wheat system in the North Nile Delta. Egypt J Appl Sci 26(8):313–327

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohamedin AAM (2012) Effect of leaching with adding gypsum and rice straw compost on improving salt affected soils and rice yield. In: Proceeding of Minia international conference for agriculture and irrigation in the Nile Basin Countries, pp 910–918. (26th–29th March)

    Google Scholar 

  • Moukhtar MM, El-Hadidy E, El-Shewikh MAB (2003) Drainage and degrading salty clay soil in Egypt. Paper No 001. Presented at the 9th international drainage workshop, Utrecht, The Netherlands. (Sept 10–13, 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Moustafa FAF (2005) Studies on reclamation of saline sodic soils. PhD Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Benha Branch, Egypt

    Google Scholar 

  • Naresh RK, Tomar SS, Kumar Dipender (2014) Experiences with rice grown on permanent raised beds: effect of crop establishment techniques on water use, productivity, profitability and soil physical properties [J]. Rice Sci 21:170–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raimbault BA, Vyn TJ (1991) Crop rotation and tillage effects on corn growth and soil structural stability. Agron J 83:979–985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades JD, Rawlins SL, Phene CJ (1980) Irrigation of Cotton with Saline Drainage Water. ASCE, Portland, OR, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Richards LA (ed) (1954) Saline and alkali soils: diagnosis and improvement. USDA, Agriculture Research Service Handbook 60

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades JD (1990) Overview: Diagnosis of salinity problems and selection of control practices. In: Tanji K (ed) Agricultural salinity assessment and management. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, pp 393–409

    Google Scholar 

  • Sayre K (2007) Conservation agriculture for irrigated agriculture in Asia. In: Lal R, Suleimenov M, Stewart BA, Hansen DO, Doraiswamy P (eds) Climate change and terrestrial carbon sequestration in central Asia. Taylor and Francis, The Netherlands, pp 211–242

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Shalaby A, Ali RR, Gad A (2012) Land degradation monitoring in the Nile Delta of Egypt, using remote sensing and GIS. Int J Basic Appl Sci 1(4):283–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheha AM, Ahmed NR, Abou-Elela AM (2014) Effect of crop sequence and nitrogen levels on rice productivity. Ann Agric Sci 52(4):451–460

    Google Scholar 

  • Shennan C, Grattan SR, May DM, Hillhouse CJ, Schachtman DP, Wander M, Robets B, Afoya S, Burau RG, McNeish C, Zelinski L (1995) Feasibility of cyclis reuse of saline drainage in a tomato-cotton rotation. J Environ Quality 24(3):476–486

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder RL, Orang M, Bali K, Eching S (2004) Basic irrigation scheduling BIS. http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/landwateruse/wateruse/Ag/CUP/Californi/Climate_Data_010804.xls

  • Tanaka DL, Anderson RL, Rao SC (2005) Crop sequencing to improve use of precipitation and synergize crop growth. Agron J 97:385–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuong TP, Bouman AM, Mortimer M (2004) More rice, less water—integrated approaches for increasing waster productivity in irrigated rice-based systems in Asia. In: 4th international crop science congress on new directions for a diverse planet in Brisbane, Australia. http://www.cropscience.org.au/icsc2004/symposia/1/2/1148_tuongtp.htm. Retrieved 01 Sept

  • Várallyay G (2010) The impact of climate change on soils and on their water management. Agron Res 8(Special Issue II):385–396

    Google Scholar 

  • Varvel GE (2000) Crop rotation and nitrogen effects on normalized grain yields in a long-term study. Agron J 92:938–941

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wafaa Mohamed (2014) Maximizing productivity and profitability by intercropping faba been on sugar beet. Egypt J Appl Sci 29(9):503–518

    Google Scholar 

  • West TO, Post WM (2002) Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation: a global data analysis. Soil Sci Soc Am J 66:1930–1946

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yao R-J, Yang J-S, Zhang T-J, Gao P, Yu S-P, Wang X-P (2013) Short-term effect of cultivation and crop rotation systems on soil quality indicators in a coastal newly reclaimed farming area. J Soils Sediments Prot Risk Assess Rem 13(8):1335

    Google Scholar 

  • Yazar A (2008) Guidelines on crop management under saline conditions including seed treatments technology, crop selection and rotation. Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Adana, Turkey

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu PS, Yang TC, Chou CC (2002) Effects of climate change on evapotranspiration from paddy fields in Southern Taiwan. Clim Change 54(1–2):165–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zohry AA (2005) Effect of relaying cotton on some crops under bio-mineral N fertilization rates on yield and yield components. Annals of Agric Sci 431:89–103

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Water Requirements and Field Irrigation Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

    Samiha A. H. Ouda & Hamdy Khalifa

  2. Crops Intensification Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

    Abd El-Hafeez Zohry

Authors
  1. Samiha A. H. Ouda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abd El-Hafeez Zohry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hamdy Khalifa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Samiha A. H. Ouda .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ouda, S.A.H., Zohry, AH., Khalifa, H. (2016). Combating Deterioration in Salt-Affected Soil in Egypt by Crop Rotations. In: Management of Climate Induced Drought and Water Scarcity in Egypt. SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33660-2_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation